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Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Caprini versus Padua venous thromboembolism risk assessment scores

A comparative study in hospitalized patients at a tertiary center

Nora Trabulsi, Abdulmajeed M. Khafagy, Lenah S. Alhazmi, Abdullah M. Alghamdi, Abdulmajeed A. Alzahrani, Mohanned M. Banaamah, Ali Farsi, Alaa Shabkah, Ali Samkari, Marwan Al-Hajeili, Ahmed Abduljabbar and Mohammad Wazzan
Saudi Medical Journal April 2024, 45 (4) 362-368; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2024.45.4.20230954
Nora Trabulsi
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
FRCSC, MSC
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Abdulmajeed M. Khafagy
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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  • ORCID record for Abdulmajeed M. Khafagy
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Lenah S. Alhazmi
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Abdullah M. Alghamdi
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Abdulmajeed A. Alzahrani
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Mohanned M. Banaamah
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Ali Farsi
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS, MAdvSurg
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Alaa Shabkah
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Ali Samkari
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS, FRCSC
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Marwan Al-Hajeili
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MD, MSC
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Ahmed Abduljabbar
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Mohammad Wazzan
From the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi, Alhazmi, Alzahrani, Samkari, Farsi); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Khafagy, Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Radiology (Banaamah, Abduljabbar, Wazzan), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alghamdi), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, and from the Department of Surgery (Shabkah), International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Article Figures & Data

Tables

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    Table 1

    - Characteristics of deep vein thrombosis and non-deep vein thrombosis patients.

    CharacteristicsDVT (n=28)Non-DVT (n=450)P-values
    Age (mean±SD)57.32±21.752.35±19.40.194*
    Older age >7011 (39.3)95 (21.1)0.025†‡
    Obesity8 (28.6)127 (28.6)0.98†
    Gender
    Male15 (53.6)211 (46.9)0.56†
    Female13 (46.4)239 (53.1)
    Active cancer6 (21.4)122 (27.1)0.510†
    Previous VTE8 (28.6)28 (6.2)0.000†‡
    Reduced mobility16 (57.1)167 (37.1)0.04†‡
    Heart failure4 (14.3)88 (19.6)0.493†
    Acute MI/ischemic stroke2 (7.1)57 (12.7)0.389†
    Acute infection7 (25.0)198 (44.0)0.049†‡
    Caprini score classification (low vs. high)14 (50.0) vs. 14 (50.0)317 (70.4) vs. 133 (29.6)0.023†‡
    Padua score classification (low vs. high)10 (35.7) vs. 18 (64.3)211 (46.9) vs. 239 (53.1)0.250†

    Values are presented as numbers and precentages or mean ± standard deviation (SD).

    DVT: deep vein thrombosis, VTE: venous thromboembolism, MI: myocardial infarction, vs.: versus

    • ↵* Independent sample t test.

    • ↵† Chi-square test.

    • ↵‡ Significant p-value of <0.05.

    • View popup
    Table 2

    - Characteristics of pulmonary embolism and non-pulmonary embolism patients.

    CharacteristicsPE (n=50)Non-PE (n=428)P-values
    Age (mean+SD)46.36±20.353.38±19.40.016*‡
    Elder age >708 (16.0)95 (22.1)0.267†
    Obesity13 (26.0)122 (28.5)0.71†
    Gender
    Male30 (60.0)196 (45.8)0.057†
    Female20 (40.0)232 (54.2)
    Active cancer14 (28.0)114 (26.6)0.84†
    Previous VTE7 (14.0)29 (6.8)0.067†
    Reduced mobility25 (50.0)158 (36.9)0.072†
    Heart failure5 (10.0)87 (20.3)0.08†
    Acute MI/ischemic stroke6 (12.0)53 (12.9)0.938†
    Acute infection28 (56.0)177 (41.4)0.048†‡
    Caprini score classification (low vs. high)25 (50.0) vs. 25 (50.0)306 (71.5) vs. 122 (28.5)0.008†‡
    Padua score classification (low vs. high)15 (30.0) vs. 35 (70.0)206 (48.1) vs. 222 (51.9)0.015†‡

    Values are presented as numbers and precentages or mean ± standard deviation (SD).

    PE: pulmonary embolism, VTE: venous thromboembolism, MI: myocardial infarction, vs.: versus

    • ↵* Independent sample t test.

    • ↵† Chi-square test.

    • ↵‡ Significant p-value of <0.05.

    • View popup
    Table 3

    - Overall comparison of diagnostic accuracy of Caprini and Padua scores.

    Diagnostic accuracyCaprini scorePadua score
    Sensitivity96.0%64.3%
    Specificity92.1%46.9%
    Positive predictive value93.0%7.0%
    Negative predictive value95.5%95.5%
    Accuracy94.1%47.9%
    Kappa0.0%*0.0%*
    • ↵* Significant.

    • View popup
    Table 4

    - Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of Caprini and Padua scores by hospital departments.

    DepartmentsCaprini scoresPadua scores
    SensitivitySpecificitySensitivitySpecificity
    Critical Care21.1%93.3%12.4%90.4%
    Medical42.2%40.3%53.7%45.0%
    Gynecology and Obstetrics8.8%87.3%9.3%86.0%
    Surgical27.9%79.4%24.5%79.1%
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Saudi Medical Journal: 45 (4)
Saudi Medical Journal
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1 Apr 2024
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Caprini versus Padua venous thromboembolism risk assessment scores
Nora Trabulsi, Abdulmajeed M. Khafagy, Lenah S. Alhazmi, Abdullah M. Alghamdi, Abdulmajeed A. Alzahrani, Mohanned M. Banaamah, Ali Farsi, Alaa Shabkah, Ali Samkari, Marwan Al-Hajeili, Ahmed Abduljabbar, Mohammad Wazzan
Saudi Medical Journal Apr 2024, 45 (4) 362-368; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.4.20230954

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Caprini versus Padua venous thromboembolism risk assessment scores
Nora Trabulsi, Abdulmajeed M. Khafagy, Lenah S. Alhazmi, Abdullah M. Alghamdi, Abdulmajeed A. Alzahrani, Mohanned M. Banaamah, Ali Farsi, Alaa Shabkah, Ali Samkari, Marwan Al-Hajeili, Ahmed Abduljabbar, Mohammad Wazzan
Saudi Medical Journal Apr 2024, 45 (4) 362-368; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.4.20230954
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Keywords

  • venous thromboembolism
  • deep vein thrombosis
  • pulmonary embolism
  • Caprini score
  • Padua score

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