Prevalence of CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 serum tumour markers in different regions of Saudi Arabia

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Figure 1
- Characteristics of CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 tumor markers (TM) in relation to age and gender. A) Line graph of mean levels of CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 TMs in relation to age. CEA and CA 13-5 show consistent increases in relation to age. CA 125 level peaks at ages 81-90. B) Mean of CEA TMs in relation to age and gender. C) Mean of CA 125 TMs in relation to age and gender. D) Mean of CA 15-3 TMs in relation to age and gender. Thickened lines represent the cutoff values of TMs: CEA (5 U/ml), CA 125 (35 U/ml), and CA 15-3 (31.3 U/ml).

Table 1

- Patient characteristics and CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 tumor marker levels in the study population..

Values are presented as numbers and percentages (%).
CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 125: cancer antigen 125, CA 15-3: cancer antigen 15-3

Table 2

- Characterization of CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 tumor markers, by gender and age.

Characteristics	CEA	CA 125	CA 15-3
Gender
Male	2.36±1.73	24.95±69.61^*	14.44±14.33
Female	2.36±29.48	17.73±33.90	14.17±12.78
Age (years)
15-30	1.67±0.59	18.23±22.19	12.63±5.29
31-40	3.08±58.20	18.02±17.81	13.38±6.29
41-50	1.77±1.13	19.29±33.66	14.75±23.85
51-60	2.29±6.59	16.29±48.56	14.43±7.99
61-70	2.52±2.26	14.24±30.31	15.41±9.88
71-80	2.90±2.46	17.23±45.21	15.38±7.35
81-90	3.28±2.50^*	32.00±94.54^*	17.53±10.72
91-100	3.10±1.36	25.04±39.54	18.08±9.25^*

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD).
↵* Elevated levels of serum tumor marker, according to gender and age groups.
CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 125: cancer antigen 125, CA 15-3: cancer antigen 15-3

Table 3

- Cross-tabulation with Chi-square test of age in CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 results.

↵* Significant at 0.01 level.
CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 125: cancer antigen 125, CA 15-3: cancer antigen 15-3