Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1
- Clinical characteristics of morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Variables Total (n=265) Obstructive sleep apnea P-values Yes (n=153) No (n=112) Age (years) 30.8±15.7 35.1±16.3 25±12.9 <0.001 Gender (male) 136 (51.3) 102 (66.7) 34 (30.4) <0.001 Smoker 22 (8.4) 19 (12.5) 3 (2.7) 0.008 BMI (kg/m2) 47.4±8.9 48.9±9.9 45.3±6.6 0.011 Neck circumference (inches) 16±2.9 16.3±1.8 15.4±3.8 <0.001 Waist 50.1±6.7 51.8±6.8 47.9±6 <0.001 Hip 54.7±6.6 55.6±7.4 53.6±5.3 0.063 Clinical information Epworth sleepiness scale 9.5±5.6 10±5.8 8.7±5.1 0.189 Excessive daytime sleepiness 87 (32.8) 53 (44.5) 34 (45.3) 0.914 pH 7.3±0.5 7.3±0.5 7.1±0.7 0.023 PaCO2 (mmHg) 43.5±13.9 45.4±16.1 39.3±5.3 0.322 PaO2 (mmHg) 76.8±15.8 75.4±14.9 79.9±17.9 0.421 HCO3 (mmol/L) 25.4±4.2 26.1±4.5 23.6±2.9 0.164 Hemoglobin level (g/L) 136.5±16.8 140.5±16.8 131.6±15.4 <0.001 HcT 41.3±5.4 42.4±4.8 40±5.9 <0.001 FEV1/FVC (%) 80.8±8.7 80.7±9.7 81.3±3.9 0.793 FVC (% predicted) 43.6±42.2 43.3±42.5 44.7±42.9 0.757 FEV1 (% predicted) 43.2±43.7 43.5±44.6 42.4±42.4 0.803 Symptoms Snoring 147 (55.5) 99 (81.8) 48 (60.0) 0.001 Witnessed apnea 112 (42.3) 74 (61.2) 38 (47.5) 0.056 Ankle swelling 78 (29.4) 56 (46.3) 22 (27.8) 0.009 Comorbidities Hypertension 70 (26.4) 57 (37.5) 13 (11.6) <0.001 Ischemic heart disease 5 (1.9) 4 (2.6) 1 (0.9) 0.399 Diabetes mellitus 54 (20.4) 39 (25.7) 15 (13.4) 0.015 Renal failure 1 (0.4) 1 (0.7) 0 (0.0) 1.000 Compensated heart failure 1 (0.4) 0 (0.0) 1 (0.9) 0.424 Stroke 2 (0.8) 2 (1.3) 0 (0.0) 0.510 Bronchial asthma 53 (20.0) 35 (23.0) 18 (16.1) 0.163 Hypothyroidism 31 (11.7) 16 (10.6) 15 (13.4) 0.487 Cushing 1 (0.4) 1 (0.7) 0 (0.0) 1.000 Hypercholesterolemia 44 (16.6) 32 (21.2) 12 (10.7) 0.024 Values are presented as numbers and percentages (%) or means ± standard deviation (SD). Of the 265 patients, 254 (95.8%) had a body mass index (BMI) of ≥40 kg/m², while 11 (4.2%) had a BMI of 35-39.9 kg/m² with metabolic comorbidities. The mean BMI was 48.9±9.9 kg/m² in the obstructive sleep apnea group and 45.3±6.6 kg/m² in the non-obstructive sleep apnea group.
PaCO₂: partial pressure of carbon dioxide, PaO₂: partial pressure of oxygen, HCO₃: bicarbonate, HCT: hematocrit, FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in one second, FVC: forced vital capacity
Variables Presence of OSA Severity of OSA Yes No P-values Non-severe Severe P-values Sleep efficiency (%) 67.8±19.6 75.7±18.4 0.000 68.4±19.4 73.6±17.5 0.274 Stage N1 (%) 14.9±13.5 7.7±6.5 0.000 13.4±9.4 9.8±6.5 0.056 Stage N2 (%) 61.8±15.8 56.6±11.9 0.003 52.1±11.2 60.9±14.7 0.021 Stage N3 (%) 14.5±15 15.2±13.6 0.451 21.8±14.5 16.0±14.7 0.137 Stage REM (%) 10.5±10 17.8±7.5 0.000 13.0±8.0 15.5±8.8 0.278 Apnea hypopnea index (events/hr) 62±43.1 5.8±4.4 0.000 26.32±17.9 72.34±33.4 0.000 AHI-NREM (events/hr) 58.6±44.8 3.7±3.7 0.000 41.1±22.8 44.5±38.0 0.720 AHI-REM (events/hr) 68.6±38.2 17.5±18.4 0.000 13.2±10.2 79.2±32.0 0.000 Desaturation index (desaturations/hr) 43.9±44.5 4.9±4.5 0.000 13.2±14.0 35.9±36.6 0.013 Time with SpO2 <90% (mins) 13.9±23.5 0.4±1.6 0.000 1.6±3.8 14.4±24.0 0.030 Time with SpO2 <95% (mins) 48.7±35.4 15.6±26 0.000 29.7±32.00 52.3±36.5 0.023 Lowest recorded SpO2 (%) 80±11.3 90.1±4.3 0.000 88.9±6.3 77.6±12.00 0.000 Mean nocturnal SpO2 (%) 93.7±3.8 96.5±1.5 0.000 95.7±1.4 93.4±3.7 0.014 Arousal index (arousals/hr) 59.8±40.3 14.4±10.6 0.000 42.2±20.1 48.4±31.7 0.438 Leg movement index (events/hr) 6.6±11.8 3.8±8.3 0.154 9.9±16.7 5.00±7.4 0.052 Periodic leg movement index (events/hr) 10.9±6.2 10±5.6 0.708 8.8±4.7 10.8±6.6 0.545 Values are presented as means ± standard deviation (SD). OSA: obstructive sleep apnea, REM: rapid eye movement, NREM: non-rapid eye movement, AHI: apnea-hypopnea index, SpO₂: oxygen saturation, N1, 2, and 3: non-rapid eye movement sleep stages
- Table 3
- Associated factors for obstructive sleep apnea and Severe obstructive sleep apnea in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Predictors OSA vs. non-OSA (OR [95% CI]) Severe OSA vs. non-severe OSA (OR [95% CI]) Univariable P-values Multivariable P-values Univariable P-values Multivariable P-values Age (year) 1.047 (1.028-1.066) <0.001 1.073 (1.026-1.123) 0.002 1.110 (1.080-1.141) <0.001 1.120 (1.090-1.152) <0.001 BMI (kg/m2) 1.05 (1.019-1.082) 0.002 1.044 (0.943-1.157) 0.405 1.062 (1.032-1.093) <0.001 1.040 (1.015-1.066) 0.002 Neck circumference (inches) 1.261 (1.088-1.463) 0.002 1.14 (0.77-1.688) 0.514 1.190 (1.120-1.263) <0.001 1.158 (1.089-1.230) 0.001 Waist 1.1 (1.053-1.149) <0.001 1.019 (0.895-1.161) 0.773 1.091 (1.055-1.128) <0.001 1.070 (1.035-1.106) 0.001 Waist-hip-ratio 1.05 (1.008-1.094) 0.018 1.073 (1.026-1.123) 0.002 1.053 (1.020-1.087) 0.002 1.038 (1.006-1.071) 0.021 Hemoglobin level (g/L) 1.035 (1.017-1.053) <0.001 1.025 (1.008-1.042) 0.003 1.025 (0.995-1.056) 0.109 1.013 (0.984-1.043) 0.267 HcT 1.105 (1.041-1.174) 0.001 1.026 (0.914-1.152) 0.658 1.075 (1.038-1.113) <0.001 1.055 (1.018-1.093) 0.003 Gender (male) 4.588 (2.715-7.753) <0.001 3.563 (0.825-15.382) 0.089 4.882 (2.895-8.238) <0.001 3.760 (2.219-6.370) <0.001 Hypertension 4.569 (2.35-8.884) <0.001 2.2 (0.604-8.016) 0.232 4.635 (2.403-8.945) <0.001 2.250 (0.621-8.159) 0.212 Diabetes mellitus 2.232 (1.16-4.294) 0.016 2.120 (1.100-4.090) 0.023 2.265 (1.180-4.360) 0.014 1.920 (0.990-3.724) 0.053 Hypercholesterolemia 2.241 (1.097-4.58) 0.027 2.020 (1.030-3.960) 0.040 2.280 (1.112-4.675) 0.024 1.998 (0.969-4.121) 0.061 OR: odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, OSA: obstructive sleep apnea, BMI: body mass index, HcT: hematocrit
In this issue
Jump to section
Related Articles
Cited By...
- No citing articles found.