Uterine neoplasm resembling an ovarian sex cord tumor

Abstract

Uterine neoplasm resembling an ovarian sex cord tumor is a rare neoplasm. Patients are generally of reproductive age, although a few may be perimenopausal or post menopausal. This neoplasm produces abnormal vaginal bleeding and uterine enlargement, suggesting leiomyoma or polyps. Based on the histology and clinical outcome, this tumor can be classified into 2 groups, namely one with focal areas resembling sex cord elements with a tendency to recur or metastasize and another with exclusive sex cord elements which runs a benign course. Immunohistochemical stains of the sex cord elements may show positively for vimentin, cytokeratin, actin and desmin in variable proportions. Inhibin is a more specific marker for these cells. Our case was a 50-year- old Omani lady with menorrhagia. Histology revealed features consistent with uterine neoplasm resembling an ovarian sex cord tumor.