Effect of seminal redox status on lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa of infertile Saudi males

Sabiha Fatima; Raheek Alwaznah; Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban; Samina Wasi; Manal Abudawood; Mahmoud Abulmeaty; Mohamed Y. Berika; Feda S. Aljaser

doi:10.15537/smj.2020.3.24975

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Figure 1
Comparison of seminal A) reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and B) total antioxidant status (TAS) between the fertile normozoospermic (control) and asthenozoospermic (AST) and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) groups. The level of ROS was significantly higher whereas, TAS score in both infertile groups was significantly lower compared to normozoospermic group. Values represent means ± SD. *p<0.001, AST group versus the control group; **p<0.001, OAT group versus the control group.
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Figure 2
Comparison of the levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in sperm cell lysates derived from the fertile normozoospermic (control) and asthenozoospermic (AST) and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) males. The mean 4-HNE level in both infertile groups was significantly higher than that in the control group. Values represent means ± SD. *p=0.003, AST group vs the control group; **p<0.001, OAT group versus the control group.
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Figure 3
Comparison of the caspase-3 activity in sperm cell lysates derived from the fertile normozoospermic (control) and asthenozoospermic (AST) and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) groups. The mean caspase-3 activity in both infertile groups was significantly higher than that in the control group. Values represent means ± SD. *p<0.005, AST group versus the control group; **p<0.001, OAT group versus the control group.
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Figure 4
DNA fragmentation in human sperm as determined by TUNEL assay. A) Fluorescence microscopy images of sperm derived from men in (a) the fertile normozoospermic group (control), (b) asthenozoospermic (AST) group, and (c) oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) group. White arrows indicate TUNEL-positive nuclei (bright green), while DAPI (blue) staining indicates the total number of nuclei (scale bar: 50 µm). B) Quantitative determination (percentage of apoptotic cells versus the total number of cells) of DNA fragmentation in sperm of males in the control, AST, and OAT groups. A greater number of TUNEL-positive nuclei were observed in the OAT and AST groups than in the control group. Data are expressed as means ± SD. *p<0.001 control versus AST; **p<0.001 control versus OAT.