Article Figures & Data
Tables
Variables Total (%) Age (years) Mean ± SD 30.15 ± 5.59 Pregestational body mass index Underweight 2 (2.2) Normal weight 45 (38.2) Overweight 28 (30.1) Obese 18(19.4) Trimester First 6 (5.1) Second 64 (54.2) Third 47 (39.8) Previous abortion No 74 (62.7) Yes 44 (37.3) Gravity Primigravida 33 (28.0) Multigravida 85 (72.0) Children 0 children 24 (20.9) 1-2 children 60 (52.2) 3-4 children 23 (20.0) >5 children 8 (7.0) Level of education Any school education 22 (20.6) Bachelor 77 (72.3) Higher education 8 (7.5) Occupation Housewife 69 (58.5) Employed 38 (32.1) Student 2 (1.7) Others 9 (7.6) Family income (SAR) <5000 26 (33.9) 5000 to <10000 40 (11) 10000 to <15000 13 (7.6) >15000 9 (25.4) Don’t know/don’t want to answer 30 (25.4) Accommodation Apartment 81 (75.7) Villa 26 (24.3) Home ownership Rented 55 (52.4) Owned 30 (28.6) Work housing 1 (1.0) Living with husband’sfamily 19 (18.1) SAR: Saudi Riyals
- Table 2
- Energy expenditure in METs.hours/week classified by intensity and type of activities.
Activities 25thquartile Median 75thquartile Total activity 162.3 356.1 648.3 By intensity Total (light and greater than 58.1 163.8 344.5 light) 36.5 135.4 355.1 Sedentary activity 47.9 125.5 264.9 Light intensity 3.5 18.7 83.1 Moderate intensity 0.0 0.0 0.4 Vigorous intensity By type Household/caregiving 46.7 123.5 227.8 Occupational 0.0 0.0 101 Sports 0.2 0.49 1.8 Transportation 2.2 7.3 22.4 METs.hours/week, metabolic equivalent hours per week
Activity type Cronbach’s alpha Household activity 0.68 Transportation 0.56 Leisure/sports Activity 0.83 Occupational Activity 0.83 PPAQ-A: pregnancy physical activity questionnaire-Arabic version
Item no. E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 I-CVI UA 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.9 0 14 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.8 0 15 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 16 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.9 0 17 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 18 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 19 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.9 0 20 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 21 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.9 0 22 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.9 0 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.9 0 24 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 25 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 26 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 27 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 28 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 29 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 30 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.9 0 31 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.9 0 32 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 33 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 34 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 35 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.9 0 36 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Proportion relevance 1 0.97 1 0.94 0.92 1 1 0.97 0.89 1 S-CVI\ave 0.94 S-CVI\UA 0.72 Average proportion of items judged as relevant across the ten experts 0.97 E: expert, I-CVI: item content validity index, UA: universal agreement, S-CVI: scale content validity index, S-CVI\ave: scale content validity index based on average, S-CVI\UA: scale content validity index based on universal agreement
Domain/item number* Activity MET value Difficulty (SE) Infit mean square (SE) Outfit mean square (SE) Household activity 12 Watching TV 1.0 -0.56 (0.08) 1.30 (2.43) 1.31 (2.46) 13 Sitting and reading or talking on the phone 1.1 -0.88 (0.08) 1.07 (0.62) 1.22 (1.58) 11 Sitting and writing or using computer 1.8 -0.62 (0.06) 1.46 (3.74) 1.77 (5.01) 5 Childcare while sitting 2.0 -0.41 (0.06) 0.76 (-2.35) 0.75 (-1.95) 15 Light cleaning 2.3 -0.48 (0.08) 0.89 (-0.85) 0.84 (-1.19) 16 Shopping 2.3 -0.14 (0.08) 1.14 (1.05) 1.12 (0.85) 4 Preparing meals 2.5 -0.77 (0.08) 0.91 (-0.75) 0.91 (-0.69) 7 Playing with children while sitting or standing 2.7 -0.06 (0.08) 0.80 (-1.55) 0.74 (-1.95) 17 Heavier cleaning in the house 2.8 -0.29 (0.07) 1.04 (0.34) 1.07 (0.51) 18 Mowing lawn on riding mower or cleaning the front or backyards 2.8 0.63 (0.12) 1.00 (0.06) 0.80 (-0.65) 6 Childcare while standing 3.0 -0.21 (0.07) 0.71 (-2.58) 0.66 (-2.71) 9 Carrying children 3.0 0.23 (0.09) 0.91 (-0.36) 0.74 (-1.09) 14 Playing with pets 3.2 1.04 (0.21) 1.06 (0.29) 1.44 (0.99) 8 Playing with children while walking or running 4.0 0.33 (0.10) 0.98 (-0.08) 0.87 (-0.64) 10 Taking care of an older adult 4.0 0.81 (0.18) 1.05 (0.27) 1.07 (0.34) 19 Mowing lawn or gardening 4.4 1.38 (0.24) 1.01 (0.13) 0.99 (0.06) Transportation 22 Driving or riding a car or a bus 1.5 -0.55 (0.13) 1.07 (0.49) 0.94 (-0.37) 20 Walking slowly to go places 2.5 0.05 (0.14) 0.86 (-0.81) 0.87 (-0.82) 21 Walking quickly to go places 4.0 0.50 (0.15) 1.04 (0.31) 1.00 (0.05) Leisure/sports activity 23 Walking slowly 3.2 -1.03 (0.16) 0.88 (-0.80) 0.88 (-0.82) 27 Prenatal exercise classes 3.5 0.43 (0.32) 0.88 (-0.21) 2.09 (1.22) 29 Dancing 4.5 0.64 (0.27) 1.65 (1.58) 1.37 (0.76) 24 Walking quickly 4.6 -0.57 (0.18) 0.82 (-1.22) 0.75 (-1.63) 28 Swimming 6.0 0.90 (0.36) 0.75 (-0.30) 4.09 (1.76) 25 Walking quickly up hills 6.5 -1.03 (0.20) 1.09 (0.70) 1.08 (0.55) 26 Jogging 7.0 0.66 (0.28) 0.80 (-0.53) 1.57 (0.97) Occupational activity 32 Sitting 1.6 -1.71 (0.16) 1.15 (0.76) 1.01 (0.11) 34 Standing or walking slowly not carrying things 2.2 -0.51 (0.16) 0.90 (-0.42) 0.89 (-0.43) 33 Standing or walking slowly while carrying things 3.0 0.32 (0.18) 1.01 (0.13) 0.91 (-0.21) 36 Walking quickly not carrying things 3.3 0.58 (0.18) 0.87 (-0.44) 0.95 (-0.07) 35 Walking quickly while carrying things 4.0 1.32 (0.25) 1.24 (0.92) 0.99 (-0.17) SE: standard error; *Items listed ascendingly according to the MET value for its activity
- Table 5
- Item separation, item reliability and ratio of first-to-second eigen values for residuals from Rasch analysis.
Domain Item separation Item reliability Ratio of first-to-second eigenvalues Household activity 5.45 0.97 1.23 Transportation 2.83 0.89 1.48 Leisure/sports activity 2.81 0.89 1.30 Occupational activity 5.40 0.97 1.37 - Table 6
- Test-retest reliability of PPAQ-A using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Variable ICC (N=59) 95% CI for ICC By type of activity Household activity 0.85 0.74-0.91 Transportation 0.59 0.30-0.76 Leisure/sports activity 0.70 0.45-0.84 Occupational activity (n=27) 0.15 -0.78-0.60 By intensity Vigorous intensity activity 0.61 -0.21-0.87 Moderate intensity activity 0.80 0.61-0.89 Light intensity activity 0.78 0.62-0.87 Sedentary activity 0.65 0.40-0.79 Total activity 0.78 0.55-0.88 PPAQ-A: pregnancy physical activity questionnaire-Arabic version