Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1 -
The association between patients body mass index (BMI) classification with their model predicted probability of predicted stenosis.
Tables
Characteristics n % Type of initially inserted fistula Brachio-cephalic 57 57.6 Radio-cephalic 34 34.3 Brachio-basilic 8 8 Developed first stenosis after fistula creation No 4 4.0 Yes 95 96.0 Degree of lesion stenosis Mild (40%-50% occlusion) 7 7.07 Moderate (50%-70% occlusion) 20 20.2 Severe (70%-90% occlusion) 31 31.31 Unreported 41 41.41 Developed a second stenosis No 62 62.6 Yes 37 37.4 Time between the first stenosis and second stenosis in months (Primary patency), median (Quartiles 1 & 3) #x00A0; 7 (1, 14) Locations of stenosis lesions #x00A0; #x00A0; Anastomotic site 31 31.31 Venous side 17 17.17 Juxta anastomotic stenosis 13 13.13 Cephalic vein and arch 10 10.01 Para anastomosis site 4 4.04 Subclavian vein 3 3.03 Brachial vein 2 2.02 Junction of left subclavian-brachiocephalic vein 1 1.01 Unreported 18 18.18 ***Number of lesions found during revision, median (quartiles 1 & 3) #x00A0; 1 (1,1) Number of angioplasties required median (quartiles 1 & 3) #x00A0; 1 (1, 3) Identified to have recurrent stenosis No 70 70.7 Yes 29 29.3 Had previous abandoned fistula No 85 85.9 Yes 14 14.1 Quartiles are percentiles.
↵*** Quartile -1 means that 25% of the patients had lasted one month between first and second stenosis, and quartile-3 denotes that 75% of the patients waited 14 months between their 1st and second stenosis events.
- Table 2 -
Bivariate analysis on data of the patient’s demographic and past medical history.
Recurrent stenosis Demographic No Yes test statistic P-value Grnder Female 36 (51.4) 14 (48.3) χ2(1)=0.082 0.775 Male 34 (48.6) 15 (51.7) #x00A0; #x00A0; Age (years), mean 53.23 52.59 (12.03) t(97)=0.24 0.808 (SD) (11.87) Age group <=35 years 6 (8.6) 3 (10.3) χ2(3)=1.72 0.633 36-45 years 14 (20) 5 (17.2) #x00A0; #x00A0; 46-55 years 16 (22.9) 10 (34.5) #x00A0; #x00A0; >=56 years 34 (48.6) 11 (37.9) #x00A0; #x00A0; BMI, mean (SD) 28.53 31.66 (8.78) t(97)=1.82 0.070 (7.32) BMI group Underweight (<18.5) 7 (10) 1 (3.4) χ2(3)=4.99 0.173 Normal (18.5-24.9) 15 (21.4) 3 (10.3) LR #x00A0; Overweight (25-29.9) 22 (31.4) 8 (27.6) #x00A0; #x00A0; Obese (>30) 26 (37.1) 17 (58.6) #x00A0; #x00A0; Smoker No 65 (92.9) 28 (96.6) χ2(1)=0.50 0.483 Yes 5 (7.1) 1 (3.4) #x00A0; #x00A0; Use of ACE/ARB inhibitors No 61 (87.1) 26 (89.7) χ2(1)=0.001 0.992 Yes 9 (12.9) 3 (10.3) #x00A0; #x00A0; Use of antiplatelet therapy agents No 44 (62.9) 12 (41.4) χ2(1)=3.90 0.050 Yes 26 (37.1) 17 (58.6) #x00A0; #x00A0; Past medical history of diabetes No 30 (42.9) 11 (37.9) χ2(1)=0.21 0.651 Yes 40 (57.1) 18 (62.1) #x00A0; #x00A0; Past medical history of coronary artery disease (CAD) No 60 (85.7) 25 (86.2) χ2(1)=0.04 0.949 Yes 10 (14.3) 4 (13.8) #x00A0; #x00A0; Past medical history of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) No 63 (90) 27 (93.1) χ2(1)=0.11 0.917 Yes 7 (10) 2 (6.9) #x00A0; #x00A0; Past medical history of dyslipidemia No 54 (77.1) 22 (75.9) χ2(1)<0.001 1.000 Yes 16 (22.9) 7 (24.1) #x00A0; #x00A0; ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme, ARB: angiotensin-receptor blockers, BMI: body mass index
- Table 3
- Bivariate analysis of the patients’ data on the chronology and severity of their stenoses.
#x00A0; Recurrent stenosis #x00A0; #x00A0; Variables No Yes Test statistic P-value Type of Initially inserted fistula #x00A0; #x00A0; #x00A0; #x00A0; Brachio-cephalic 39 (55.7) 18 (62.1) χ2(3)=0.35 0.951 Radio-cephalic 25 (35.7) 9 (31) #x00A0; #x00A0; Brachio-basilic 6 (8.6) 2 (6.7) #x00A0; #x00A0; Developed at least one fistula stenotic event #x00A0; #x00A0; #x00A0; #x00A0; No 50 (71.4) 11 (37.9) χ2(1)=9.73 0.002 Yes 20 (28.6) 18 (62.1) #x00A0; #x00A0; *Average of serum hemoglobin mg/DL, mean (SD) 10.65 (1.45) 10.92 (1.36) t(97)=0.90 0.391 *Average serum C-RP mg/L, mean (SD) 5.5 (27.25) 15 (27) Z=1.208 0.237 *Average serum corrected calcium mmol/L, mean (SD) 2.03 (0.17) 2.14 (0.35) t(92)=1.98 0.050 *Average serum phosphorus mmol/L, mean (SD) 1.26 (0.51) 1.31 (0.604) t(95)=0.40 0.703 *Average serum Hemoglobin A1C, mean (SD) 7.19 (1.71) 7.50 (1.51) t(41)=0.61 0.546 *Average serum albumin gm/L, mean (SD) 32.12 (5.37) 30.93 (7.26) t(92)=0.89 0.376 *Average serum vitamin D nmol/L, mean (SD) 47.85 (34.70) 59.13 (28.00) t(53)=1.15 0.254 Degrees of index stenosis #x00A0; #x00A0; #x00A0; #x00A0; Mild (40%-50% occlusion) 6 (14.6) 1 (5.9) χ2(2)=3.03 0.220 Moderate (50%-70% occlusion) 16 (39) 4 (23.5) LR #x00A0; Severe (70%-90% occlusion) 19 (46.3) 12 (70) #x00A0; #x00A0; ↵* Average 3 readings taken before the initial index stenosis event within 12 months. SD: standard deviation
- Table 4 -
Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis of the sample patients’ odds of recurrent fistula stenosis (N=99).
Demographic Multivariate AOR 95% CI for (OR) P-value Lower Upper Age (years) 0.992 0.945 1.042 0.746 Gender=Male 1.630 0.589 4.509 0.347 Body Mass Index mean score. 1.110 1.029 1.198 0.007 Smoker 0.725 0.065 8.070 0.794 Uses ACE inhibitor agents 0.300 0.053 1.705 0.174 Uses antiplatelet agents 3.064 1.061 8.851 0.039 Positive History of diabetes 0.920 0.273 3.104 0.893 Positive history of dyslipidemia 0.345 0.091 1.315 0.119 Type of fistula 0.703 0.342 1.445 0.338 Average corrected serum calcium level 15.005 1.807 124.590 0.012 Constant <0.001 #x00A0; #x00A0; 0.004 Dependent variables: Development of recurrent dialysis fistula stenosis (No/Yes). AOR: adjusted odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme
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