Impact of COVID-19 pandemic quarantine on dietary behaviors and lifestyle of Saudi adults in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

References

1. 1.↵
   1. Wang C,
   2. Horby W,
   3. Hayden G,
   4. Gao F

   . A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet 2020; 365: 470–473.

   OpenUrl
2. 2.↵
   1. Di Renzo L,
   2. Gualtieri P,
   3. Pivari F,
   4. Soldati L,
   5. Attinà A,
   6. Cinelli G, et al.

   Eating habits and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown: an Italian survey. J Transl Med 2020; 18: 1–15.

   OpenUrlCrossRef
3. 3.↵
   1. Hoffmann B,
   2. Kobel S,
   3. Wartha O,
   4. Kettner S,
   5. Dreyhaupt J,
   6. Steinacker M

   . High sedentary time in children is not only due to screen media use: A cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19: 154.

   OpenUrl
4. 4.↵
   1. Al-Saleh M,
   2. Alamri M,
   3. Alhefzi A,
   4. Assiri K,
   5. Moshebah Y

   . Population healthy lifestyle changes in Abha city during COVID-19 lockdown, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2021; 10: 809–815.

   OpenUrl
5. 5.↵
   1. Montemurro, N

   . The emotional impact of COVID-19: From medical staff to common people. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87; 23–24.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
6. 6.↵
   1. van Strien T

   . Causes of emotional eating and matched treatment of obesity. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18: 35.

   OpenUrl
7. 7.↵
   1. Statistics G. A. f

   . (2021). General Population and Housing Census Statistics of the Saudi population in the city of Jeddah. [Updated 2021; cited 2021 Mar 14] Available from: https://www.stats.gov.sa/ar/requests/inquery
8. 8.↵
   Calculator.net. Sample Size Calculator. Calculating the number of the sample according to the statistics of the Saudi population in the city of Jeddah. [Updated 2021; cited 2021 Mar 15]. Available from: https://www.calculator.net/sample-size-calculator.html?type=1&cl=95&ci=5&pp=50&ps=1716574&x=59&y=15
9. 9.↵
   1. Chopra S,
   2. Ranjan P,
   3. Malhotra A,
   4. Sahu A,
   5. Dwivedi S,
   6. Baitha U, et al.

   Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviors: eating habits, activity and sleep behavior. Public health nutrition 2021; 24: 1275–1290.

   OpenUrlCrossRef
10. 10.
    1. Górnicka M,
    2. Drywień E,
    3. Zielinska A,
    4. Hamułka J

    . Dietary and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 and the subsequent lockdowns among Polish adults: A Cross-sectional online survey PLifeCOVID-19 study. Nutrients 2020; 12: 2324.

    OpenUrl
11. 11.↵
    1. DeVellis F

    . Scale Development: Theory and Applications. Newbury Park (CA): Sage Publications. 1991.
12. 12.↵
    1. Churchill Jr A

    . A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of marketing research 1979; 64–73.
13. 13.↵
    1. Tavakol M,
    2. Dennick R

    . Post-examination analysis of objective tests. Med Teach 2011; 33: 447–458.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
14. 14.↵
    1. Pallant J

    . SPSS Survival Manual: A Step by Step Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS for Windows. 3rd Edition. New York: McGraw Hill Open University Press; 2007.
15. 15.↵
    1. Nunnally CJ

    . Psychometric Theory. 2nd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1978. pg. 701
16. 16.↵
    1. Bakhsh A,
    2. Khawandanah J,
    3. Naaman K,
    4. Alashmali S

    . The impact of COVID-19 quarantine on dietary habits and physical activity in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21: 1–10.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
17. 17.↵
    1. Alfawaz H,
    2. Amer E,
    3. Aljumah A,
    4. Aldisi A,
    5. Enani A,
    6. Aljohani J, et al.

    Effects of home quarantine during COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity and dietary habits of adults in Saudi Arabia. Sci Rep 2021; 11: 1–7.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
18. 18.↵
    1. ALkharashi, N

    . Comparison of the general dietary habits and lifestyle between before and during COVID-19 among the Saudi adult’s population in Riyadh. Research Square 2021; 1–13.
19. 19.↵
    1. Deschasaux-Tanguy M,
    2. Druesne-Pecollo N,
    3. Esseddik Y,
    4. de Edelenyi S,
    5. Allès B,
    6. Andreeva A, et al.

    Diet and physical activity during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown (March–May 2020): re-sults from the French NutriNet-Santé cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113: 924–938.

    OpenUrlPubMed
20. 20.↵
    1. Radwan H,
    2. Al Kitbi M,
    3. Hasan H,
    4. Al Hilali M,
    5. Abbas N,
    6. Hamadeh R, et al.

    Indirect health effects of covid-19: Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors during the lockdown in the United Arab Emirates. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18: 1964.

    OpenUrl
21. 21.
    1. Huancahuire-Vega S,
    2. Newball-Noriega E,
    3. Rojas-Humpire R,
    4. Saintila J,
    5. Rodriguez-Vásquez M,
    6. Ruiz-Mamani P, et al.

    Changes in Eating Habits and Lifestyles in a Peruvian Population during Social Isola-tion for the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Nutr Metab 2021; 2021: 4119620.

    OpenUrl
22. 22.↵
    1. Pérez-Rodrigo C,
    2. Gianzo Citores M,
    3. Hervás Bárbara G,
    4. Ruiz-Litago F,
    5. Casis Sáenz L,
    6. Arija V, et al.

    Patterns of change in dietary habits and physical activity during lockdown in Spain due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nutrients 2021; 13: 300.

    OpenUrl
23. 23.↵
    1. Robinson E,
    2. Gillespie S,
    3. Jones A

    . Weight‐related lifestyle behaviours and the COVID‐19 crisis: An online survey study of UK adults during social lockdown. Obes Sci Pract 2020; 6: 735–740.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed