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Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Seroprevalence of community-acquired atypical bacterial pneumonia among adult COVID-19 patients from a single center in Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia

A retrospective cohort study

Sari T. Alhoufie, Nadir A. Ibrahim, Naif H. Alsharif, Khalid O. Alfarouk, Hatim M. Makhdoom, Khaled R. Aljabri, Sayed H. Saeed, Adnan A. Khoumaeys, Yahya A. Almutawif, Mustafa A. Najim, Hamza M. Ali, Alanoud A. Aljifri, Ali M. Kheyami and Areej A. Alhazmi
Saudi Medical Journal September 2022, 43 (9) 1000-1006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2022.43.9.20220379
Sari T. Alhoufie
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MSc, PhD
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Nadir A. Ibrahim
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MSc, PhD
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Naif H. Alsharif
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MSc, PhD
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Khalid O. Alfarouk
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MSc, PhD
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Hatim M. Makhdoom
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MSc, PhD
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Khaled R. Aljabri
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
BSc, MSc
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Sayed H. Saeed
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MD
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Adnan A. Khoumaeys
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
BSc, MSc
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Yahya A. Almutawif
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MSc, PhD
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Mustafa A. Najim
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MSc, PhD
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Hamza M. Ali
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MSc, PhD
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Alanoud A. Aljifri
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MD
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Ali M. Kheyami
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MSc, PhD
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Areej A. Alhazmi
From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
MSc, PhD
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Article Information

vol. 43 no. 9 1000-1006
DOI 
https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2022.43.9.20220379
PubMed 
36104051

Published By 
Saudi Medical Journal
Online ISSN 
1658-3175
History 
  • Received March 10, 2022
  • Accepted August 9, 2022
  • Published online September 14, 2022.

Copyright & Usage 
Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal This is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work.

Author Information

  1. Sari T. Alhoufie, MSc, PhD,
  2. Nadir A. Ibrahim, MSc, PhD,
  3. Naif H. Alsharif, MSc, PhD,
  4. Khalid O. Alfarouk, MSc, PhD,
  5. Hatim M. Makhdoom, MSc, PhD,
  6. Khaled R. Aljabri, BSc, MSc,
  7. Sayed H. Saeed, MD,
  8. Adnan A. Khoumaeys, BSc, MSc,
  9. Yahya A. Almutawif, MSc, PhD,
  10. Mustafa A. Najim, MSc, PhD,
  11. Hamza M. Ali, MSc, PhD,
  12. Alanoud A. Aljifri, MD,
  13. Ali M. Kheyami, MSc, PhD and
  14. Areej A. Alhazmi, MSc, PhD
  1. From the Medical Laboratories Technology Department (Alhoufie, Ibrahim, Makhdoom, Almutawif, Najim, Ali, Alhazmi), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Department of Medical laboratory,(Alsharif, Saeed, Aljabri, khoumaeys) king Salman Medical City, Al Madinah General hospital, from Al-Madinah Health Cluster(Aljifri and Kheyami, Ministry of Health Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Institute of Endemic Diseases (Alfarouk), University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
  1. Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Sari T. S. AlHoufie, Medical Laboratories Technology Department, College of Applied, Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: shoufie{at}taibahu.edu.sa ORCID ID: https://0000-0003-0253-7832
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Seroprevalence of community-acquired atypical bacterial pneumonia among adult COVID-19 patients from a single center in Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
Sari T. Alhoufie, Nadir A. Ibrahim, Naif H. Alsharif, Khalid O. Alfarouk, Hatim M. Makhdoom, Khaled R. Aljabri, Sayed H. Saeed, Adnan A. Khoumaeys, Yahya A. Almutawif, Mustafa A. Najim, Hamza M. Ali, Alanoud A. Aljifri, Ali M. Kheyami, Areej A. Alhazmi
Saudi Medical Journal Sep 2022, 43 (9) 1000-1006; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.9.20220379

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Seroprevalence of community-acquired atypical bacterial pneumonia among adult COVID-19 patients from a single center in Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
Sari T. Alhoufie, Nadir A. Ibrahim, Naif H. Alsharif, Khalid O. Alfarouk, Hatim M. Makhdoom, Khaled R. Aljabri, Sayed H. Saeed, Adnan A. Khoumaeys, Yahya A. Almutawif, Mustafa A. Najim, Hamza M. Ali, Alanoud A. Aljifri, Ali M. Kheyami, Areej A. Alhazmi
Saudi Medical Journal Sep 2022, 43 (9) 1000-1006; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.9.20220379
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  • SARS-CoV-2
  • community-acquired bacterial pneumonia
  • Chlamydia pneumonia
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  • Legionella pneumophila

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© 2025 Saudi Medical Journal Saudi Medical Journal is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright Convention.  Saudi Medical Journal is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work. Electronic ISSN 1658-3175. Print ISSN 0379-5284.

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