The influence of metoprolol in patients with sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study

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Figure 1
- Scatter dot plot depicting sequential organ failure assessment score associated indexes on the first and third days of treatment. Sequential organ failure assessment score associated indexes included: a) oxygenation index(mmHg); b) platelet count(109/L); c) GCS; d) creatinine (umol/L); e) TBIL (umol/L); and f) MAP (mmHg). ^*P-value of <0.05. ^**P-value of <0.01. Scatter dot plot displayed mean and standard deviation. GCS: glasgow coma scale, TBIL: total bilirubin, MAP: mean arterial pressure
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Figure 2
- The adjusted mortality hazard ratio in patients with the metoprolol of 0.55 (95% CI: [0.34-0.89]; p=0.011).

Table 1

- Clinical baseline characteristics.

Parameters	Control group (n=48)	Metoprolol group (n=42)	P-values
Age (years)	75.29±15.04	78.45±10.22	0.242
Female	38 (79.2)	29 (69.0)	0.336
Weight (kg)	56.96±12.61	57.0±9.52	0.852
HT	32 (66.7)	25 (59.5)	0.517
DM	16 (33.3)	19 (45.2)	0.283
CKD	13 (27.1)	11 (26.2)	1.000
COPD	11 (26.2)	7 (16.7)	0.599
Cerebral infarction	13 (27.1)	15 (35.7)	0.494
The source of infection
Lung	44 (91.7)	40 (95.2)	0.681
Abdomen	13 (21.7)	7 (16.7)	0.311
Skin soft tissue or catheter	5 (10.4)	8 (19.0)	0.368
other	4 (8.3)	2 (4.8)	0.799

Values are presented as numbers and precentages (%) or mean ± standard deviation (SD). HT: hypertension, DM: diabete mellitus, CKD: chronic kidney disease, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Table 2

- Cardiac structure and functions.

Parameters	Control group (n=48)	Metoprolol group (n=42)	P-values
cTNI (ng/ml)	1.82±2.76	4.71±2.06	0.136
NT-proBNP (pg/ml)	13183.79±12315.85	16393.33±11126.90	0.200
LVEF (%)	46.71±7.08	44.22±7.57	0.113
LVEDD (mm)	48.32±5.88	51.39±6.11	0.018^{^*}
LAD (mm)	37.89±7.10	41.12±5.05	0.016^{^*}
SV (ml)	53.50±18.72	60.37±23.16	0.389
PASP (mmHg)	38.00±10.16	34.56±10.03	0.119^{^*}

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD).
↵^* p<0.05.
LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, LAD: left atrial diameter, SV: stroke volume, PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure

Table 3

- Sequential organ failure assessment score of corresponding organ system.

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD).
↵^* p<0.05.
Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) were evaluated with the function of 6 organ system with the range from 0-24. NE: norepinephrine

Table 4

- Clinical outcomes of patients in 2 groups.

Parameters	Control group (n=48)	Metoprolol group (n=42)	P-values
Duration of mechanical ventilation	8.04±8.39	8.00±9.62	0.042^{^*}
CRRT	23 (47.9)	15 (35.7)	0.288
Number of organ faliure	3.81±1.35	2.98±1.66	0.014^{^*}
Length of ICU stay	11.21±10.08	16.21±13.86	0.0581

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or numbers and percentages (%).
↵^* p<0.05.
Renal failure was over stage 3 in acute kidney injury and other organ failures were based on sequential organ failure assessment score over 3 points, except cardiovascular failure. CRRT: continuous renal replacement therapy, ICU: intensive care unit