Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
- Study participants enrollment process.
- Figure 2
- Time in therapeutic range during the on-siteand telepharmacyanticoagulation clinics (p=0.455). TELE: telepharmacy
Tables
Characteristics On-site TELE P-value Age (mean ± SD) 49.6±16.5 48.4±18.1 0.615 Gender (n, %) Males 50 (43.9%) 30 (39%) Females 64 (56.1%) 47 (61%) 0.551 Comorbidity (n, %) Diabetes 34 (29.8%) 30 (39%) 0.213 Hypertension 46 (40.4%) 31 (40.3%) 1 Hyperlipidemia 18 (15.8%) 16 (20.8%) 0.442 Ischemic heart disease 4 (3.5%) 4 (5.2%) 0.716 CKD- on dialysis 13 (11.4%) 13 (16.9%) 0.290 Heart failure 2 (1.8%) 5 (6.5%) 0.120 Other 37 (32.5%) 31 (40.3%) 0.284 None 14 (12.3%) 3 (3.9%) 0.68 Indication for anticoagulation (n,%) DVT 29 (25.4%) 29 (37.7%) 0.079 PE 22 (19.3%) 15 (19.5%) 1 AF 18 (15.8%) 11 (14.3%) 0.839 Stroke 17 (14.9%) 9 (11.7%) 0.668 Others 42 (36.8%) 27 (35.1%) 0.878 Intended duration of anticoagulation (n, %) 3 months 17 (15.2%) 13 (16.9%) 6 months 12 (10.7%) 8 (10.4%) 0.792 12 months 0 (0%) 1 (1.3%) Lifelong 83 (74.1%) 55 (71.4%) Target INR (n, %) 2.0-3.0 108 (94.7%) 73 (94.8%) 2.5-3.5 6 (5.3%) 2 (2.6%) 0.159 Others 0 (0%) 2 (2.6%) Use of anti-thrombotic (n, %) Aspirin 23 (20.2%) 12 (15.6%) 0.452 Clopidogrel 5 (4.4%) 5 (6.5%) 0.528 Use of NSAIDS (n, %) 7 (6.1%) 3 (3.9%) 0.535 Ibuprofen 3 (2.6%) 0 (0%) 0.274 Lornoxicam 5 (4.4%) 2 (2.6%) 0.703 Celecoxib 0 (0%) 1 (1.3%) 0.403 TELE: telepharmacy, CKD: chronic kidney disease, DVT: deep vein thrombosis, PE: pulmonary embolism, MI: myocardial infarction, AF: atrial fibrillation, INR: International Normalized ratio, NSAIDS: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
- Table 2
- Outcome measure comparison between on-site and telepharmacy in newly initiated warfarin patients.
Outcome On-site TELE P-value Time in therapeutic range 53.8 (33.5 to 70.4)* 50 (33.5 to 65.5)* 0.455§ Adverse anticoagulation outcome (n, %) DVT 2 (1.8%) 1 (1.3%) 1 PE 0 0 Stroke 0 0 MI 0 0 Majorbleeding 2 (1.8%) 2 (2.6%) Minor bleeding 1 (0.9%) 1 (1.3%) 1 Frequency of extreme INR INR < 1.5† 1.16 (0.98 to 1.37) 1.43 (1.19 to 1.72) 0.383 INR > 4.5† 0.21 (0.14 to 0.32) 0.17 (0.09 to 0.31) 0.552 TTR ≥ 60 (n,%) 46 (40.4%) 23 (29.9%) 0.168 TELE:telepharmacy, DVT: deep vein thrombosis, PE: pulmonary embolism, MI: Myocardial infarction, INR: International normalized ratio
- Table 3
- Comparing telepharmacy and standard clinic follow-up for warfarin-naive patients.
Variables Univariable Multivariable OR 95% CI P-value aOR 95% CI P-value Age (years) 0.988 0.971 to 1.006 0.192 0.989 0.969 to 1.009 0.286 Male versus female 1.934 1.062 to 3.523 0.031 1.792 0.951 to 3.376 0.071 Weight 1.015 0.998 to 1.032 0.081 1.015 0.997 to 1.034 0.109 BMI 1.023 0.977 to 1.071 0.34 Diabetes 0.65 0.342 to 1.238 0.19 0.73 0.353 to 1.506 0.394 Hypertension 0.842 0.459 to 1.542 0.577 CKD 0.648 0.166 to 2.526 0.532 Target INR 2 to 3 reference 2.5 to 3.5 0.567 0.111 to 2.89 0.495 TELE versus on-Site 0.63 0.34 to 1.165 0.14 0.58 0.301 to 1.115 0.102 antithromboticsb 0.855 0.415 to 1.76 0.67 NSAIDS c 0.747 0.187 to 2.986 0.68 b: includes aspirin or clopidogrel c: includes Ibuprofen, Lornixicam, Celecoxib, CKD: chronic kidney disease, INR: International normalized ratio, NSAIDS: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, TELE: telepharmacy, CI: confidence interval, aOR: adjusted odds ratio
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