Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1
- Demographic and clinical characteristics of adult patients with pulmonary hypertension (N=118).
Patient’s characteristics n (%) Age (years), mean±SD 59.73±18.86 Female 100 (84.7) Body mass index Underweight 4 (3.4) Normal 27 (22.9) Overweight 30 (25.4) Obese 57 (48.3) Marital status Single 19 (16.1) Married 99 (83.9) Ischemic heart disease 17 (14.4) Mitral stenosis 7 (5.9) Mitral regurgitation 97 (82.2) Ejection fraction >55% 86 (72.9) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 9 (7.6) Diabetes mellitus 50 (42.4) Hypertension 66 (55.9) Values are presented as numbers and percentages (%) or mean ± standard deviation (SD).
- Table 2
- Clinical and echocardiographic data according to the degree of tricuspid regurgitation.
Variables Trivial TR (n=14) Mild TR (n=41) Moderate TR (n=25) Severe TR (n=26) Massive TR (n=2) Torrential TR (n=10) P-values Age (years), mean±SD 61.29±15.70 58.44±20.40 62.92±19.46 61.62±17.63 32.50±2.12 55.40±17.53 0.314 sPAP(mmHg), mean±SD 45.99±22.80 52.44±12.63 61.45±16.91 67.08±14.87 82.80±10.04 69.41±25.64 <0.001 mPAP(mmHg), mean±SD 36.09±6.69 33.42±11.63 34.48±12.18 35.52±9.29 59.00±6.65 33.30±13.39 0.029 PR None 8 (57.1) 14 (34.1) 11 (44.0) 3 (11.5) - 3 (30.0) 0.025 Trace 2 (14.3) 15 (36.6) 7 (28.0) 6 (23.1) - 1 (10.0) Mild 2 (14.3) 10 (24.4) 7 (28.0) 14 (53.8) 1 (50.0) 4 (40.0) Moderate 2 (14.3) 2 (4.9) - 3 (11.5) 1 (50.0) 2 (20.0) RA size Normal 11 (78.6) 28 (68.3) 17 (68.0) 5 (19.2) - 2 (20.0) <0.001 Mildly dilated 3 (21.4) 10 (24.4) 5 (20.0) 8 (30.8) 1 (50.0) 1 (10.0) Moderately dilated - 3 (7.3) 3 (12.0) 7 (26.9) - 3 (30.0) Severely dilated - - - 6 (23.1) 1 (50.0) 4 (40.0) RV size Normal 8 (57.1) 32 (78.0) 17 (68.0) 9 (34.6) - 3 (30.0) 0.001 Mildly dilated 4 (28.6) 5 (12.2) 5 (20.0) 5 (19.2) 1 (50.0) 3 (30.0) Moderately dilated 1 (7.1) 4 (9.8) 3 (12.0) 9 (34.6) - 1 (10.0) Severely dilated 1 (7.1) - - 3 (11.5) 1 (50.0) 3 (30.0) RV function Normal 12 (85.7) 39 (95.1) 21 (84.0) 12 (46.1) 1 (50.0) 3 (30.0) <0.001 Mildly impaired 1 (7.1) 2 (4.9) 2 (8.0) 6 (23.1) 1 (50.0) 5 (50.0) Moderately impaired 1 (7.1) - 2 (8.0) 7 (26.9) - 2 (20.0) Severely impaired - - - 1 (3.8) - - EF% 40-55% 3 (21.4) 10 (24.4) 3 (12.0) 15 (57.7) - 1 (10.0) 0.005 >55% 11 (78.6) 31 (75.6) 22 (88.0) 11 (42.3) 2 (100.0) 9 (90.0) RVs’ (cm/s), mean±SD 12.28±3.20 12.14±2.69 11.35±2.29 9.90±2.38 12.75±3.18 9.20±2.45 0.002 TAPSE (cm), mean±SD 1.98±0.47 1.97±0.37 1.85±0.26 1.77±0.55 1.60±0.42 1.64±0.41 0.063 E/e’, mean±SD 13.63±19.76 12.19±6.25 11.70±6.25 14.00±9.77 7.90±3.68 13.10±13.18 0.548 Values are presented as numbers and percentages (%) or mean ± standard deviation (SD).
TR: tricuspid regurgitation, sPAP: systolic pulmonary arterial pressure, mPAP: mean pulmonary arterial pressure, PR: pulmonary regurgitation, RA: right atrium, RV: right ventricle, EF: ejection fraction, RV’s: right ventricular systolic velocity, TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, E/e’: left atrium filling pressure
- Table 3
- Systolic and mean pulmonary artery pressure in patients with different grades of right ventricular dilatation and hypofunction.
RV size Normal RV size (n=69) Mild RV dilatation (n=23) Moderate RV dilatation (n=18) Severe RV dilatation (n=8) P-values sPAP (mmHg) 52±13 64±21 68±21 73±34 <0.001 mPAP (mmHg) 28±12 38±13 39±10 36±17 0.002 RV function Normal RV function (n=88) Mildly impaired (n=17) Moderately impaired (n=12) Severely impaired (n=1) P-values sPAP (mmHg) 55±18 70±21 62±22 72 0.015 mPAP (mmHg) 31±14 39±12 32±7 35 0.193 Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). mPAP: mean pulmonary artery pressure, RV: right ventricle, sPAP: systolic pulmonary artery pressure
Variables β (95% CI) P-values Mean pulmonary artery pressure Right ventricle dilatation 3.55 (1.09-6.03) 0.005 Pulmonary valve regurgitation 2.67 (0.24-5.11) 0.031 Systolic pulmonary artery pressure Tricuspid regurgitation 4.14 (1.49-6.78) 0.002 Right atrial dilatation 5.51 (1.97-9.05) 0.003 Values are presented as beta and 95% confidence interval (CI).
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