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Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Epidemiology of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Jordan

A 5-year survival analysis and patients’ characteristics from 2 public hospitals

Rimal H. Mousa, Jamal M. Melhem and Eman A. Hammad
Saudi Medical Journal July 2021, 42 (7) 776-783; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2021.42.7.20210112
Rimal H. Mousa
From the Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy (Mousa, Hammad); and from the Department of General Surgery (Melhem), Faculty of Medicine-University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
MSc, PhD
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Jamal M. Melhem
From the Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy (Mousa, Hammad); and from the Department of General Surgery (Melhem), Faculty of Medicine-University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
MD, FRCCS
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Eman A. Hammad
From the Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy (Mousa, Hammad); and from the Department of General Surgery (Melhem), Faculty of Medicine-University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
MSc, PhD
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    Figure 1

    - Overall survival rate stratified by demographic or tumor characteristics. A) Overall survival rate; B) Survival rate by age group; C) Survival rate by tumor stage; D) Survival rate by ER status; E) Survival rate by lymph node status; and F) Survival rate by type of treatment.

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    Table 1

    - The percentages of breast cancer cases stratified by tumor characteristics.

    Demographic’ characteristicsn(%)
    Age (years)
    <3018(2.1)
    30–39113(12.9)
    40–49275(31.4)
    50–59241(27.5)
    60–69166(19.0)
    >7063(7.2)
    Menopausal status
    Premenopausal433(49.4)
    Postmenopausal444(50.6)
    Marital status
    Single56(6.4)
    Widowed31(3.5)
    Married761(86.8)
    Divorced14(1.6)
    Unknown15(3.5)
    Smoking status
    Non smoker630(71.8)
    Smoker21(2.4)
    Past smoker53(6.0)
    Unknown19.73(19.7)
    Comorbidities
    0592(67.5)
    1140(16.0)
    298(11.2)
    334(3.9)
    413(1.5)
    Treatment
    Surgery83(9.5)
    Surgery plus systemic adjuvant217(24.7)
    Surgery plus radiotherapy202(23.0)
    Surgery plus 2 adjuvant290(33.0)
    Surgery plus 3 adjuvant19(2.2)
    Non-surgical treatment66(7.53)
    Vital status
    Alive777(88.6)
    Dead100(11.4)
    • Values are presented as number and percentages (%).

    • View popup
    Table 2

    - The percentages of breast cancer cases stratified by tumor characteristics.

    Tumor characteristicsn(%)
    ER status
    Negative163(18.6)
    Positive576(65.7)
    Unknown138(15.7)
    PR status
    Negative249(28.4)
    Positive423(49.0)
    Unknown198(22.6)
    Molecular subtype Luminal A428(48.8)
    Luminal B108(12.3)
    Triple negative101(11.5)
    HER2 positive69(7.9)
    Unknown171(19.5)
    Grade based on NCB
    1 (well-differentiation)28(3.2)
    2 (moderately differentiation)393(44.8)
    3 (poorly differentiation)248(28.3)
    4 (undifferentiation)4(0.5)
    Unknown204(23.3)
    TNM staging
    0 (in situ)10(1.1)
    I132(15.1)
    II253(28.9)
    III316(36.0)
    IV124(14.1)
    Unknown42(4.8)
    Clinical tumor size
    <5560(63.9)
    5.1-10198(22.6)
    10.1-1529(3.3)
    15.1--253(0.3)
    Unknown87(9.9)
    Lymph node status (NCB)
    Positive229(26.1)
    Negative540(61.6)
    Unknown108(12.3)
    Histological type
    Ductal762(86.9)
    Lobular37(4.2)
    Mixed lobular and ductal5(0.6)
    Medullary6(0.7)
    Carcinoma NOS12(1.4)
    Adenocarcinoma4(0.5)
    Other types51(5.8)
    Site of breast
    Bilateral3(0.3)
    Left422(48.2)
    Right422(48.2)
    Unknown29(3.3)
    • ER: estrogen receptor, HER2: human epidermal receptor, NCB: needle core biopsy, NOS: not otherwise specified, PR: progesterone receptor, TNM: tumor, nodal, metastasis. Well differentiation cancer refers to cancer cell that look like normal cell whereas moderate differentiation somehow look like normal cell. The more the similarity of cancer cell appearance to the healthy one, the lower the tumor grade is. Tumors with low grade are associated with less aggressive prognosis

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    Table 3

    - Covariates associated with overall mortality in the time-dependent Cox model.

    CovariatesHazard ratio (95%CI)P-value
    Main coefficients
    TNM Staging <0.001
    1(reference) 
    0NA (NA)1
    23.53 (0.4, 31.48)0.2
    317.45 (1.72, 177.36)0.016
    473.63 (7.07, 766.46)<0.001
    Nodal type 0.068
    Negative(reference) 
    Positive8.93 (0.65, 122.62)0.01
    ER receptor type
    Negative(reference) 
    Positive0.31 (0.18, 0.54)<0.001
    Tumour size1.4 (1.14, 1.71)0.002
    Age (years) 0.003
    >70(reference) 
    <301.24 (0.26, 6.03)0.787
    30-390.13 (0.04, 0.44)0.001
    40-490.22 (0.09, 0.55)0.001
    50-590.4 (0.17, 0.94)0.035
    60-690.29 (0.11, 0.79)0.015
    Time-varying coefficients
    Nodal status
    Negative(reference) 
    Positive0.24 (0.08, 0.76)0.015
    • ER: estrogen receptor, NA: not applicable, TNM: tumor, nodal, metastasis

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Saudi Medical Journal: 42 (7)
Saudi Medical Journal
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Epidemiology of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Jordan
Rimal H. Mousa, Jamal M. Melhem, Eman A. Hammad
Saudi Medical Journal Jul 2021, 42 (7) 776-783; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2021.42.7.20210112

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Epidemiology of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Jordan
Rimal H. Mousa, Jamal M. Melhem, Eman A. Hammad
Saudi Medical Journal Jul 2021, 42 (7) 776-783; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2021.42.7.20210112
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Keywords

  • breast neoplasm
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