Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Latest
    • Archive
    • home
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
    • Join SMJ
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Office
    • Editorial Board
  • More
    • Advertising
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Folders
    • Help
  • Other Publications
    • NeuroSciences Journal

User menu

  • My alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
Saudi Medical Journal
  • Other Publications
    • NeuroSciences Journal
  • My alerts
  • Log in
Saudi Medical Journal

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Latest
    • Archive
    • home
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
    • Join SMJ
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Office
    • Editorial Board
  • More
    • Advertising
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Folders
    • Help
  • Follow psmmc on Twitter
  • Visit psmmc on Facebook
  • RSS
Research ArticleOriginal Articles
Open Access

The effect of wet-cupping therapy (hijama) in modulating autoimmune activity of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

A pilot controlled study

Amal M. Obeid, Faiza A. Qari, Soad K. Aljaouni, Sawsan Rohaiem, Ahmed A. Elsayed, Maha M. Alsayyad and Ezzuddin A. Okmi
Saudi Medical Journal January 2022, 43 (1) 45-52; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2022.43.1.20210755
Amal M. Obeid
From the Department of YAJ chair for Prophetic medical applications (Obeid, Alsayyad), Cupping Therapy Clinics; from the Department of Hematology (Aljaouni), Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, from the Department of Medicine (Qari); from the Department of Physiology (Rohaiem); From the Faculty of Medicine (Alsayyad), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control (Okmi), Public Health Authority, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Radiology (Elsayed), The Royal Wolverhampton Trust, New Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Faiza A. Qari
From the Department of YAJ chair for Prophetic medical applications (Obeid, Alsayyad), Cupping Therapy Clinics; from the Department of Hematology (Aljaouni), Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, from the Department of Medicine (Qari); from the Department of Physiology (Rohaiem); From the Faculty of Medicine (Alsayyad), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control (Okmi), Public Health Authority, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Radiology (Elsayed), The Royal Wolverhampton Trust, New Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Soad K. Aljaouni
From the Department of YAJ chair for Prophetic medical applications (Obeid, Alsayyad), Cupping Therapy Clinics; from the Department of Hematology (Aljaouni), Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, from the Department of Medicine (Qari); from the Department of Physiology (Rohaiem); From the Faculty of Medicine (Alsayyad), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control (Okmi), Public Health Authority, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Radiology (Elsayed), The Royal Wolverhampton Trust, New Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Sawsan Rohaiem
From the Department of YAJ chair for Prophetic medical applications (Obeid, Alsayyad), Cupping Therapy Clinics; from the Department of Hematology (Aljaouni), Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, from the Department of Medicine (Qari); from the Department of Physiology (Rohaiem); From the Faculty of Medicine (Alsayyad), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control (Okmi), Public Health Authority, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Radiology (Elsayed), The Royal Wolverhampton Trust, New Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Ahmed A. Elsayed
From the Department of YAJ chair for Prophetic medical applications (Obeid, Alsayyad), Cupping Therapy Clinics; from the Department of Hematology (Aljaouni), Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, from the Department of Medicine (Qari); from the Department of Physiology (Rohaiem); From the Faculty of Medicine (Alsayyad), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control (Okmi), Public Health Authority, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Radiology (Elsayed), The Royal Wolverhampton Trust, New Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Maha M. Alsayyad
From the Department of YAJ chair for Prophetic medical applications (Obeid, Alsayyad), Cupping Therapy Clinics; from the Department of Hematology (Aljaouni), Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, from the Department of Medicine (Qari); from the Department of Physiology (Rohaiem); From the Faculty of Medicine (Alsayyad), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control (Okmi), Public Health Authority, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Radiology (Elsayed), The Royal Wolverhampton Trust, New Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Ezzuddin A. Okmi
From the Department of YAJ chair for Prophetic medical applications (Obeid, Alsayyad), Cupping Therapy Clinics; from the Department of Hematology (Aljaouni), Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, from the Department of Medicine (Qari); from the Department of Physiology (Rohaiem); From the Faculty of Medicine (Alsayyad), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, from the Department of Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control (Okmi), Public Health Authority, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Radiology (Elsayed), The Royal Wolverhampton Trust, New Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • eLetters
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

References

  1. 1.↵
    1. Avasthi K,
    2. Kaur J,
    3. Gupta S,
    4. Narang PA.
    Hyperprolactinemia and its correlation with hypothyroidism in infertile women. J Obs Gynecol India 2006; 56: 68–71.
    OpenUrl
  2. 2.↵
    1. Caturegli P,
    2. Kimura H,
    3. Rocchi R,
    4. Rose NR.
    Autoimmune thyroid diseases. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2007; 19: 44–48.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  3. 3.
    1. Ajjan RA,
    2. Weetman AP.
    The pathogenesis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: further developments in our understanding. Horm Metab Res 2015; 47: 702–710.
    OpenUrl
  4. 4.
    1. Wiersinga WM.
    Clinical relevance of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2016; 31: 213–222.
    OpenUrl
  5. 5.↵
    1. Fröhlich E,
    2. Wahl R.
    Thyroid autoimmunity: role of anti-thyroid Antibodies in thyroid and extra-thyroidal diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8: 521.
    OpenUrl
  6. 6.↵
    1. Canaris GJ,
    2. Manowitz NR,
    3. Mayor G,
    4. Ridgway EC.
    The Colorado thyroid disease prevalence study. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160: 526–534.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  7. 7.↵
    1. Lorini R,
    2. Gastaldi R,
    3. Traggiai C,
    4. Perucchin PP.
    Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2003; 1: 205–211.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  8. 8.↵
    1. Radetti G.
    Clinical aspects of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Endocr Dev 2014; 26: 158–170.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  9. 9.↵
    1. Chistiakov DA.
    Immunogenetics of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. J Autoimmune Dis 2005; 2: 1.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  10. 10.↵
    1. Zaletel K,
    2. Gaberšček S.
    Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: from genes to the disease. Curr Genomics 2011; 12: 576–588.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  11. 11.↵
    1. AlBedah A,
    2. Khalil M,
    3. Elolemy A,
    4. Elsubai I,
    5. Khalil A.
    Hijama (cupping): a review of the evidence. Focus Altern Complement Ther 2011; 16: 12–16.
    OpenUrl
  12. 12.↵
    1. Sajid MI.
    Hijama therapy (wet cupping) - its potential use to complement British healthcare in practice, understanding, evidence and regulation. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2016; 23: 9–13.
    OpenUrl
  13. 13.↵
    1. El Sayed SM,
    2. Mahmoud HS,
    3. Nabo MMH.
    Methods of wet cupping therapy (Al-hijamah): in light of modern medicine and prophetic medicine. Altern Integr Med 2013: 1–16.
  14. 14.
    1. El Sayed SM,
    2. Al-quliti AS,
    3. Mahmoud HS,
    4. Baghdadi H,
    5. Maria RA,
    6. Nabo MMH, et al.
    Therapeutic benefits of Al-hijamah: in light of modern medicine and prophetic medicine. Am J Med Biol Res 2014; 2: 46–71.
    OpenUrl
  15. 15.
    1. Tagil SM,
    2. Celik HT,
    3. Ciftci S,
    4. Kazanci FH,
    5. Arslan M,
    6. Erdamar N, et al.
    Wet-cupping removes oxidants and decreases oxidative stress. Complement Ther Med 2014; 22: 1032–1036.
    OpenUrl
  16. 16.↵
    1. Baghdadi H,
    2. Abdel-Aziz N,
    3. Ahmed NS,
    4. Mahmoud HS,
    5. Barghash A,
    6. Nasrat A, et al.
    Ameliorating role exerted by Al-hijamah in autoimmune diseases: effect on serum autoantibodies and inflammatory mediators. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2015; 9: 207–232.
    OpenUrl
  17. 17.↵
    1. Ahmed SM,
    2. Madbouly NH,
    3. Maklad SS,
    4. Abu-Shady EA.
    Immunomodulatory effects of blood letting cupping therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Egypt J Immunol 2005; 12: 39–51.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  18. 18.↵
    1. Cao H,
    2. Han M,
    3. Li X,
    4. Dong S,
    5. Shang Y,
    6. Wang Q, et al.
    Clinical research evidence of cupping therapy in China: a systematic literature review. BMC Complement Altern Med 2010; 10: 70.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  19. 19.
    1. Cao H,
    2. Li X,
    3. Liu J.
    An updated review of the efficacy of cupping therapy. PLoS One 2012; 7: e31793.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  20. 20.↵
    1. Malik IA,
    2. Akhter S,
    3. Kamal MA.
    Treatment of psoriasis by using hijamah: a case report. Saudi J Biol Sci 2015; 22: 117–121.
    OpenUrl
  21. 21.↵
    1. Brown RS.
    Autoimmune thyroid disease: unlocking a complex puzzle. Curr Opin Pediatr 2009; 21: 523–528.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  22. 22.↵
    1. Pyzik A,
    2. Grywalska E,
    3. Matyjaszek-Matuszek B,
    4. Roliński J.
    Immune disorders in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: what do we know so far? J Immunol Res 2015; 2015: 979167.
    OpenUrl
  23. 23.↵
    1. Kim ES,
    2. Lim DJ,
    3. Baek KH,
    4. Lee JM,
    5. Kim MK,
    6. Kwon HS, et al.
    Thyroglobulin antibody is associated with increased cancer risk in thyroid nodules. Thyroid 2010; 20: 885–891.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  24. 24.
    1. Muzza M,
    2. Degl’Innocenti D,
    3. Colombo C,
    4. Perrino M,
    5. Ravasi E,
    6. Rossi S, et al.
    The tight relationship between papillary thyroid cancer, autoimmunity and inflammation: clinical and molecular studies. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2010; 72: 702–708.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  25. 25.↵
    1. McLeod DS,
    2. Cooper DS,
    3. Ladenson PW,
    4. Ain KB,
    5. Brierley JD,
    6. Fein HG, et al.
    Prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer in relation to serum thyrotropin and thyroglobulin antibody status at time of diagnosis. Thyroid 2014; 24: 35–42.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  26. 26.↵
    1. Caturegli P,
    2. De Remigis A,
    3. Rose NR.
    Hashimoto thyroiditis: clinical and diagnostic criteria. Autoimmun Rev 2014; 13: 391–397.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  27. 27.↵
    1. Schiemann U,
    2. Avenhaus W,
    3. Konturek JW,
    4. Gellner R,
    5. Hengst K,
    6. Gross M.
    Relationship of clinical features and laboratory parameters to thyroid echogenicity measured by standardized grey scale ultrasonography in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Med Sci Monit 2003; 9: MT13–MT17.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  28. 28.↵
    1. Koprowski R,
    2. Zieleźnik W,
    3. Wróbel Z,
    4. Małyszek J,
    5. Stępień B,
    6. Wójcik W.
    Assessment of significance of features acquired from thyroid ultrasonograms in Hashimoto’s disease. Biomed Eng Online 2012; 11: 48.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  29. 29.↵
    1. Gul K,
    2. Dirikoc A,
    3. Kiyak G,
    4. Ersoy PE,
    5. Ugras NS,
    6. Ersoy R, et al.
    The association between thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: the ultrasonographic and histopathologic characteristics of malignant nodules. Thyroid 2010; 20: 873–878.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  30. 30.↵
    1. Ahmed SM,
    2. Madbouly NH,
    3. Maklad SS,
    4. Abu-Shady EA.
    Immunomodulatory effects of blood letting cupping therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Egypt J Immunol 2005; 12: 39–51.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  31. 31.↵
    1. Rezaei M,
    2. Javadmoosavi SY,
    3. Mansouri B,
    4. Azadi NA,
    5. Mehrpour O,
    6. Nakhaee S.
    Thyroid dysfunction: how concentration of toxic and essential elements contribute to risk of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and thyroid cancer. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26: 35787–35796.
    OpenUrl
  32. 32.↵
    1. Pamphlett R,
    2. Doble PA,
    3. Bishop DP.
    Mercury in the human thyroid gland: potential implications for thyroid cancer, autoimmune thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism. PLoS One 2021; 16: e0246748.
    OpenUrl
  33. 33.↵
    1. Umar NK,
    2. Tursunbadalov S,
    3. Surgun S,
    4. Welcome MO,
    5. Dane S.
    The effects of wet cupping therapy on the blood levels of some heavy metals: a pilot study. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2018; 11: 375–379.
    OpenUrl
  34. 34.↵
    1. Gok S,
    2. Kazanci FH,
    3. Erdamar H,
    4. Gokgoz N,
    5. Hartiningsih S,
    6. Dane S.
    Is it possible to remove heavy metals from the body by wet cupping therapy (al-hijamah)? India J Tradit Knowle 2016; 15: 700–704.
    OpenUrl
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Saudi Medical Journal: 43 (1)
Saudi Medical Journal
Vol. 43, Issue 1
1 Jan 2022
  • Table of Contents
  • Cover (PDF)
  • Index by author
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Saudi Medical Journal.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
The effect of wet-cupping therapy (hijama) in modulating autoimmune activity of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Saudi Medical Journal
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Saudi Medical Journal web site.
Citation Tools
The effect of wet-cupping therapy (hijama) in modulating autoimmune activity of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Amal M. Obeid, Faiza A. Qari, Soad K. Aljaouni, Sawsan Rohaiem, Ahmed A. Elsayed, Maha M. Alsayyad, Ezzuddin A. Okmi
Saudi Medical Journal Jan 2022, 43 (1) 45-52; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.1.20210755

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
The effect of wet-cupping therapy (hijama) in modulating autoimmune activity of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Amal M. Obeid, Faiza A. Qari, Soad K. Aljaouni, Sawsan Rohaiem, Ahmed A. Elsayed, Maha M. Alsayyad, Ezzuddin A. Okmi
Saudi Medical Journal Jan 2022, 43 (1) 45-52; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.1.20210755
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Bookmark this article

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Acknowledgment
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • eLetters
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • Prophetic Medicine in the Context of Middle Eastern Culture: A Concept Analysis
  • The effect of wet-cupping therapy (hijama) in modulating autoimmune activity of Hashimotos thyroiditis.: A pilot controlled study
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Emotional responses and coping strategies of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic
  • Childhood nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis caused by metabolic diseases and renal tubulopathy
  • The antimicrobial activity of ceftobiprole against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Show more Original Articles

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • hijama
  • cupping
  • Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
  • thyroiditis
  • thyroid gland

CONTENT

  • home

JOURNAL

  • home

AUTHORS

  • home
Saudi Medical Journal

© 2025 Saudi Medical Journal Saudi Medical Journal is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright Convention.  Saudi Medical Journal is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work. Electronic ISSN 1658-3175. Print ISSN 0379-5284.

Powered by HighWire