Efficacy of bupivacaine injection after pulsed radiofrequency ablation in the management of trigeminal facial pain: A prospective, randomized, and double-blind study

Article Figures & Data

Download figure
Open in new tab
Download powerpoint
Figure 1
- Consolidated standards of reporting trials (CONSORT) diagram of the trial showing the process of patient enrollment and study flow.
Download figure
Open in new tab
Download powerpoint
Figure 2
- Kaplan-Meyer analysis of the duration of pain relief.
Download figure
Open in new tab
Download powerpoint
Figure 3
- The alteration in the dose of medications post-procedure according to the study subjects. Percentage: indicates the use of pain medications after the procedure among the study subjects

Table 1

- Characteristics pertaining to the patients in both groups.

Variables	Group I (n=39)	Group II (n=34)	Total (N=73)
#x00A0;	Mean±SD
Age	57.33±13.72	65.91±10.805	61.33±13.093
Height (cm)	158.49±16.604	154.91±8.487	156.82±13.481
Weight (kg)	73.497±18.2799	62.224±18.8797	68.247±19.282
Gender
Male	16 (41.0)	10 (29.4)	26 (35.6)
Female	23 (59.0)	24 (70.6)	47 (64.4)
Nationality
Saudi	34 (87.2)	28 (82.4)	62 (84.9)
Non-Saudi	5 (12.8)	6 (17.6)	11 (15.1)
Smoker
Yes	2 (5.1)	4 (11.8)	6 (8.2)
No	34 (87.2)	25 (73.5)	59 (80.8)
Ex-smoker	3 (7.7)	5 (14.7)	8 (11.0)
History
DM	14 (35.9)	10 (29.4)	24 (32.9)
HTN	21 (53.8)	16 (47.1)	37 (50.7)
IHD	12 (30.8)	7 (20.6)	19 (26.0)
Psychiatric disorders	9 (23.1)	10 (29.4)	19 (26.0)
Dental procedures	18 (46.2)	24 (70.6)	42 (57.5)

Data are presented as a number and precentage (%). DM: diabetes mellitus, HTN: hypertension, IHD: ischemic heart disease, SD: standard deviation

Table 2

- The features of pain pertaining to all the subjects.

Variables	Group I (n=39)	Group II (n=34)	Total (n=73)	P-value
Trigeminal type
Neuropathic	34 (87.2)	32 (94.1)	66 (90.4)	0.315
Neuralgia	5 (12.8)	2 (5.9)	7 (9.6)	0.315
Side
Right	26 (66.7)	13 (38.2)	39 (53.4)	0.015
Left	13 (33.3)	21 (61.8)	34 (46.6)	0.015
Branch affected
V1	2 (5.1)	-	2 (2.7)	0.112
V2	9 (23.1)	17 (50.0)	26 (35.6)
V3	7 (17.9)	5 (14.7)	12 (16.4)
V1, V2, and V3	1 (2.6)	-	1 (1.4)
V2, V3	20 (51.3)	12 (35.3)	32 (43.8)
Pre-procedure score on the numerical rating scale	#x00A0;	#x00A0;	#x00A0;	#x00A0;
6	6 (15.4)	2 (5.9)	8 (11.0)	0.075
7	13 (33.3)	20 (58.8)	33 (45.2)
8	14 (35.9)	12 (35.3)	26 (35.6)
9	6 (15.4)	#x00A0;	6 (8.2)
*Post-procedure score on the numerical rating scale*	#x00A0;	#x00A0;	#x00A0;	#x00A0;
0	0 (0.0)	1 (2.9)	1 (1.4)	0.709
1	13 (33.3)	10 (29.4)	23 (31.5)
2	14 (35.9)	13 (38.2)	27 (37.0)
3	11 (28.2)	10 (29.4)	21 (28.8)
4	1 (2.6)	0 (0.0)	1 (1.4)

Data are presented as a number and precentage (%). V1: ophthalmic branch, V2: maxillary branch, V3: mandibular branch