Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Latest
    • Archive
    • home
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
    • Join SMJ
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Office
    • Editorial Board
  • More
    • Advertising
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Folders
    • Help
  • Other Publications
    • NeuroSciences Journal

User menu

  • My alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
Saudi Medical Journal
  • Other Publications
    • NeuroSciences Journal
  • My alerts
  • Log in
Saudi Medical Journal

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Latest
    • Archive
    • home
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
    • Join SMJ
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Office
    • Editorial Board
  • More
    • Advertising
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Folders
    • Help
  • Follow psmmc on Twitter
  • Visit psmmc on Facebook
  • RSS
Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Evaluation of the relationship between the disease severity and the level of physical activity in patients followed up with COVID-19 diagnosis

Nevhiz Gündoğdu, Arzu Demirgüç, Ceyda Çiçek and Nevin Ergun
Saudi Medical Journal June 2022, 43 (6) 579-586; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2022.43.6.20220005
Nevhiz Gündoğdu
From the Chest Diseases Department (Gündoğdu), from the Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department (Demirgüç, Çiçek, Ergun), Faculty of Health Sciences, Sanko University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
MD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Arzu Demirgüç
From the Chest Diseases Department (Gündoğdu), from the Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department (Demirgüç, Çiçek, Ergun), Faculty of Health Sciences, Sanko University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
PhD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Ceyda Çiçek
From the Chest Diseases Department (Gündoğdu), from the Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department (Demirgüç, Çiçek, Ergun), Faculty of Health Sciences, Sanko University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
PT
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Nevin Ergun
From the Chest Diseases Department (Gündoğdu), from the Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department (Demirgüç, Çiçek, Ergun), Faculty of Health Sciences, Sanko University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
PhD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • eLetters
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

References

  1. 1.↵
    World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 76. [Updated 2020 April; cited 2020 April 6]. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200405-sitrep-76-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=6ecf0977_4-76
  2. 2.↵
    1. Yalçın M,
    2. Koçak E,
    3. Kaçar M.
    The role of exercise as a treatment and preventive strategy during Covid-19 pandemic. AAnatol Clin 2020; 25: 238–245.
    OpenUrl
  3. 3.↵
    American College of Sports Medicine. Exercise, immunity and the COVID- 19 pandemic. [Updated 2020 Mar 30; cited 2020 May 2]. Available from: https://www.acsm.org/blog-detail/acsm-blog/2020/03/30/exercise-immunity-covid-19-pandemic
  4. 4.↵
    1. Lippi G,
    2. Henry BM,
    3. Sanchis-Gomar F.
    Physical inactivity and cardiovascular disease at the time of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020 06; 27: 906–908.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  5. 5.↵
    1. Pinto AJ,
    2. Dunstan DW,
    3. Owen N,
    4. Bonfá E,
    5. Gualano B.
    Combating physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16: 34734–34738.
    OpenUrl
  6. 6.↵
    1. Roschel H,
    2. Artioli GG,
    3. Gualano B.
    Risk of increased physical inactivity during COVID-19 outbreak in older people: a call for actions. J Am Geriatr Soc 2020; 68: 1126–1128.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  7. 7.↵
    1. Xiao H,
    2. Zhang Y,
    3. Kong D,
    4. Li S,
    5. Yang N.
    Social Capital and Sleep Quality in Individuals Who Self-Isolated for 14 Days During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in January 2020 in China. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26: e923921.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  8. 8.↵
    1. Simpson RJ,
    2. Katsanis E.
    The immunological case for staying active during the COVID-19 pandemic. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87: 6–7.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  9. 9.↵
    1. Mohamed A,
    2. Alawna M.
    Role of increasing the aerobic capacity on improving the function of immune and respiratory systems in patients with coronavirus (COVID-19): A review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020;14: 489–496.
    OpenUrl
  10. 10.↵
    1. Woods JA,
    2. Hutchinson NT,
    3. Powers SK,
    4. Roberts WO,
    5. Gomez-Cabrera MC,
    6. Radak Z, et al.
    The COVID-19 pandemic and physical activity. Sports Med Health Sci 2020; 2: 55–64.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  11. 11.↵
    1. Craig CL,
    2. Marshall AL,
    3. Sjöström M,
    4. Bauman AE,
    5. Booth ML,
    6. Ainsworth BE, et al.
    International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003; 35: 1381–1395.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  12. 12.↵
    1. Saglam M,
    2. Arikan H,
    3. Savci S,
    4. Inal-Ince D,
    5. Bosnak-Guclu M,
    6. Karabulut E, et al.
    International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills 2010; 111: 278–284.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  13. 13.↵
    1. Öztürk, M.
    ‘A research on reliability and validity of international physical activity questionnaire and determination of physical activity level in university students’. Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara, 2005.
  14. 14.↵
    1. Bozkuş, T.,
    2. Türkmen, M.,
    3. Murat, K.,
    4. Özkan, A.,
    5. Ümit, Ö., &
    6. Cengiz, C.
    (2013). Beden eğitimi ve spor yüksekokulu’nda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ile sağlikli yaşam biçimi davranişlarinin belirlenmesi ve ilişkilendirilmesi. IntJSCS 2013; 1: 49–65.
    OpenUrl
  15. 15.↵
    1. Julian LJ.
    Measures of anxiety: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety (HADS-A). Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 201; 63: S467–S72.
  16. 16.↵
    1. Ulusoy M,
    2. Şahin, N,
    3. Erkmen H.
    Turkish version of the beck anxiety inventory; psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother 1998; 12: 163–172.
    OpenUrl
  17. 17.↵
    1. Buysse DJ,
    2. Reynolds CF,
    3. Monk TH,
    4. Berman SR,
    5. Kupfer DJ.
    The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res 1989; 28: 193–213.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  18. 18.↵
    1. Ağargün MY,
    2. Kara H,
    3. Anlar O.
    The validity and reliability of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 1996; 7: 107–115.
    OpenUrl
  19. 19.↵
    1. Krupp LB,
    2. LaRocca NG,
    3. Muir-Nash J,
    4. Steinberg AD.
    The fatigue severity scale. Application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Neurol 1989; 46: 1121–1123.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  20. 20.↵
    1. Armutlu K,
    2. Korkmaz NC,
    3. Keser I,
    4. Sumbuloglu V,
    5. Akbiyik DI,
    6. Guney Z, et al.
    The validity and reliability of the Fatigue Severity Scale in Turkish multiple sclerosis patients. Int J Rehabil Res 2007; 30: 81–85.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  21. 21.
    1. Lippi G,
    2. Sanchis-Gomar F,
    3. Henry BM.
    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): the portrait of a perfect storm. Ann Transl Med 2020; 8: 497.
    OpenUrl
  22. 22.↵
    1. Brooks SK,
    2. Webster RK,
    3. Smith LE,
    4. Woodland L,
    5. Wessely S,
    6. Greenberg N, et al.
    The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet 2020; 395: 912–920.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  23. 23.↵
    1. Ozamiz-Etxebarria N,
    2. Idoiaga Mondragon N,
    3. Dosil Santamaría M,
    4. Picaza Gorrotxategi M.
    Psychological symptoms during the two stages of lockdown in response to the COVID-19 outbreak: an investigation in a sample of citizens in Northern Spain. Front Psychol 2020;11:1491.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  24. 24.↵
    1. López-Bueno R,
    2. Calatayud J,
    3. Casaña J,
    4. Casajús JA,
    5. Smith L,
    6. Tully MA, et al.
    COVID-19 confinement and health risk behaviors in Spain. Front Psychol 2020; 11: 1426.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  25. 25.↵
    TR Prime Ministry State Planning Organization Social Sectors and General Directorate of Coordination. The Situation of The Elderly In Turkey And Life National Action Plan. Ankara: DPT; 2007.
  26. 26.↵
    1. Chen Y,
    2. Feeley TH.
    Social support, social strain, loneliness, and well-being among older adults. J Soc Pers Relatsh 2014; 31: 141–161.
    OpenUrl
  27. 27.↵
    1. Liu K,
    2. Chen Y,
    3. Wu D,
    4. Lin R,
    5. Wang Z,
    6. Pan L.
    Effects of progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety and sleep quality in patients with COVID-19. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2020; 39: 101132.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  28. 28.↵
    1. Uğraş Dikmen A,
    2. Kına M,
    3. Özkan S,
    4. İlhan MN.
    ‘Epidemiology of COVID-19: What we learn from pandemic’. J Biotechnol Strateg Health Res 2020; 10: 29–36.
    OpenUrl
  29. 29.↵
    1. Ingram J,
    2. Maciejewski G,
    3. Hand CJ.
    Changes in diet, sleep, and physical activity are associated with differences in negative mood during COVID-19 lockdown. Front Psychol 2020; 11: 588604.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  30. 30.↵
    1. Alimoradi Z,
    2. Broström A,
    3. Tsang HWH,
    4. Griffiths MD,
    5. Haghayegh S,
    6. Ohayon MM, et al.
    Sleep problems during COVID-19 pandemic and its’ association to psychological distress: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 36: 100916
    OpenUrl
  31. 31.
    1. Zhang JJ,
    2. Dong X,
    3. Cao YY,
    4. Yuan YD,
    5. Yang YB,
    6. Yan YQ, et al.
    Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. Allergy 2020; 75: 1730–1741.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  32. 32.
    1. Tian S,
    2. Hu N,
    3. Lou J,
    4. Chen K,
    5. Kang X,
    6. Xiang Z, et al.
    Characteristics of COVID-19 infection in Beijing. J Infect 2020; 80: 401–406.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  33. 33.↵
    1. Zhu J,
    2. Ji P,
    3. Pang J,
    4. Zhong Z,
    5. Li H,
    6. He C, et al.
    Clinical characteristics of 3062 COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2020; 92: 1902–1914.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  34. 34.↵
    1. Townsend L,
    2. Dyer AH,
    3. Jones K,
    4. Dunne J,
    5. Mooney A,
    6. Gaffney F, et al.
    Persistent fatigue following SARS-CoV-2 infection is common and independent of severity of initial infection. PLoS One 2020; 15: e0240784.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  35. 35.↵
    1. Nieman DC,
    2. Wentz LM.
    The compelling link between physical activity and the body’s defense system. J Sport Health Sci 2019; 8: 201–217.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  36. 36.↵
    1. De Souza FR,
    2. Motta-Santos D,
    3. Santos Soares D dos,
    4. de Lima JB,
    5. Cardozo GG,
    6. Pinto Guimarães LS, et al.
    Physical activity decreases the prevalence of covid-19-associated hospitalization: brazil extra study. Medrxiv 2020; 2020: 10.
    OpenUrl
  37. 37.↵
    1. Tavakol Z,
    2. Ghannadi S,
    3. Tabesh MR,
    4. Halabchi F,
    5. Noormohammadpour P,
    6. Akbarpour S, et al.
    Relationship between physical activity, healthy lifestyle and COVID-19 disease severity; a cross-sectional study. J Public Health (Berl) 2021; 1–9.
  38. 38.↵
    1. Brurberg KG,
    2. Fretheim A.
    COVID-19: The relationship between age, comorbidity and disease severity – a rapid review, 1st update. [COVID-19: Sammenheng mellom alder, komorbiditet og sykdomsalvorlighet – en hurtigoversikt, første oppdatering. Hurtigoversikt 2020.] Oslo: Norwegian Institute of Public Health; 2020.
  39. 39.↵
    1. Bonanad C,
    2. García-Blas S,
    3. Tarazona-Santabalbina F,
    4. Sanchis J,
    5. Bertomeu-González V,
    6. Fácila L, et al.
    The effect of age on mortality in patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis with 611,583 subjects. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 21: 915–918.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  40. 40.↵
    1. Kimura T,
    2. Namkoong H.
    Susceptibility of the obese population to COVID-19. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 101: 380–381.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  41. 41.↵
    1. Minuzzi LG,
    2. Chupel MU,
    3. Rama L,
    4. Rosado F,
    5. Muñoz VR,
    6. Gaspar RC, et al.
    Lifelong exercise practice and immunosenescence: Master athletes cytokine response to acute exercise. Cytokine 2019; 115: 1–7.
    OpenUrl
  42. 42.↵
    1. Petrilli CM,
    2. Jones SA,
    3. Yang J,
    4. Rajagopalan H,
    5. O’Donnell L,
    6. Chernyak Y, et al.
    Factors associated with hospital admission and critical illness among 5279 people with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York City: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2020; 369: m1966.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Saudi Medical Journal: 43 (6)
Saudi Medical Journal
Vol. 43, Issue 6
1 Jun 2022
  • Table of Contents
  • Cover (PDF)
  • Index by author
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Saudi Medical Journal.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Evaluation of the relationship between the disease severity and the level of physical activity in patients followed up with COVID-19 diagnosis
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Saudi Medical Journal
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Saudi Medical Journal web site.
Citation Tools
Evaluation of the relationship between the disease severity and the level of physical activity in patients followed up with COVID-19 diagnosis
Nevhiz Gündoğdu, Arzu Demirgüç, Ceyda Çiçek, Nevin Ergun
Saudi Medical Journal Jun 2022, 43 (6) 579-586; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.6.20220005

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Evaluation of the relationship between the disease severity and the level of physical activity in patients followed up with COVID-19 diagnosis
Nevhiz Gündoğdu, Arzu Demirgüç, Ceyda Çiçek, Nevin Ergun
Saudi Medical Journal Jun 2022, 43 (6) 579-586; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.6.20220005
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Bookmark this article

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Acknowledgment
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • eLetters
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Hematological parameters in recent and past dengue infections in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia
  • Longitudinal analysis of foodborne disease outbreaks in Saudi Arabia
  • Psychological stress and its association with bronchial asthma in Saudi Arabia
Show more Original Article

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • disease severity
  • level of physical activity
  • COVID-19 diagnosis

CONTENT

  • home

JOURNAL

  • home

AUTHORS

  • home
Saudi Medical Journal

© 2025 Saudi Medical Journal Saudi Medical Journal is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright Convention.  Saudi Medical Journal is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work. Electronic ISSN 1658-3175. Print ISSN 0379-5284.

Powered by HighWire