Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access
GLP-1RA and SGLT2i utilization in people with type 2 diabetes with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or at high risk of ASCVD in the Gulf Region
Results from the PACT-MEA studys
Waleed A. Al-Dahi, Saeed H. Khalaf, Dalal A. AlRomaihi, Naji M. Alamuddin, Hessa M. Al Kandari, Doaa K. Abdalla, Hanan Y. Alfadehla, Amin A. Jayyousi, Mashhood A. Siddique, Usama A. AlAlami, Guruprasad C. Subbarao, Shashikanth J. Chetty and Jehan A. Abdulla
Saudi Medical Journal February 2025, 46 (2) 163-170; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240620
Waleed A. Al-Dahi
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MD, FRCPSaeed H. Khalaf
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MBBS, MRCPDalal A. AlRomaihi
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
BSc, MD, MHCMNaji M. Alamuddin
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MBBCh BAO, MScHessa M. Al Kandari
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MRCPCHDoaa K. Abdalla
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MBBS, MRCPHanan Y. Alfadehla
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MBBS, MRCPAmin A. Jayyousi
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MSC, MDMashhood A. Siddique
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MBBS, MRCPUsama A. AlAlami
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
BSc, PhDGuruprasad C. Subbarao
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MD, MScShashikanth J. Chetty
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MBBS, MDJehan A. Abdulla
From the Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Dahi), Mubarak Hospital, Al Jairiyah; from the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology (Al Kandari), Farwaniya Hospital; from the Department of Endocrinology (Al Kandari, Abdalla), Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasma; from the Department of Primary Care (Abdalla, Alfadehla) Yarmouk Primary Health Care Centre, Al Yarmūk; from the Department of Medical Affairs (AlAlami, Subbarao, Chetty), Novo Nordisk Gulf Cluster, Salmiya, Kuwait; from the Department of Endocrinology (Khalaf), Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama; from the Department of Endocrinology (AlRomaihi), Awali Hospital, Awali; Department of Internal Medicine (Alamuddin), King Hamad University Hospital, Adliya; from the Department of Endocrinology (Abdulla), Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, Bahrain; and from the Department of Endocrinology (Jayyousi, Siddique), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
MBBCh, BAO, SBIM, Pg DIP
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In this issue
GLP-1RA and SGLT2i utilization in people with type 2 diabetes with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or at high risk of ASCVD in the Gulf Region
Waleed A. Al-Dahi, Saeed H. Khalaf, Dalal A. AlRomaihi, Naji M. Alamuddin, Hessa M. Al Kandari, Doaa K. Abdalla, Hanan Y. Alfadehla, Amin A. Jayyousi, Mashhood A. Siddique, Usama A. AlAlami, Guruprasad C. Subbarao, Shashikanth J. Chetty, Jehan A. Abdulla
Saudi Medical Journal Feb 2025, 46 (2) 163-170; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240620
GLP-1RA and SGLT2i utilization in people with type 2 diabetes with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or at high risk of ASCVD in the Gulf Region
Waleed A. Al-Dahi, Saeed H. Khalaf, Dalal A. AlRomaihi, Naji M. Alamuddin, Hessa M. Al Kandari, Doaa K. Abdalla, Hanan Y. Alfadehla, Amin A. Jayyousi, Mashhood A. Siddique, Usama A. AlAlami, Guruprasad C. Subbarao, Shashikanth J. Chetty, Jehan A. Abdulla
Saudi Medical Journal Feb 2025, 46 (2) 163-170; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240620
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