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Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Risk factors for depression symptoms in adolescents

A population-based study

Dewinda Candrarukmi, Fitri Hartanto, Tunjung Wibowo, Hari W. Nugroho, Moh S. Anam, Braghmandita W. Indraswari, Qodri Santosa and Nazliah Hanum
Saudi Medical Journal February 2025, 46 (2) 190-198; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240914
Dewinda Candrarukmi
From Indonesia Pediatric Society Central Java Branch (Candrarukmi, Hartanto, Nugroho, Anam, Santosa); from Indonesia Pediatric Society Yogyakarta Special Provence Branch (Wibowo, Indraswari, Hanum); from the Department of Child Health (Hartanto, Anam), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Candrarukmi, Nugroho), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Wibowo, Indraswari), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta; from the Department of Child Health (Santosa), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java; and from Indonesia Prambanan Distric Hospital (Hanum), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Fitri Hartanto
From Indonesia Pediatric Society Central Java Branch (Candrarukmi, Hartanto, Nugroho, Anam, Santosa); from Indonesia Pediatric Society Yogyakarta Special Provence Branch (Wibowo, Indraswari, Hanum); from the Department of Child Health (Hartanto, Anam), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Candrarukmi, Nugroho), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Wibowo, Indraswari), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta; from the Department of Child Health (Santosa), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java; and from Indonesia Prambanan Distric Hospital (Hanum), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Tunjung Wibowo
From Indonesia Pediatric Society Central Java Branch (Candrarukmi, Hartanto, Nugroho, Anam, Santosa); from Indonesia Pediatric Society Yogyakarta Special Provence Branch (Wibowo, Indraswari, Hanum); from the Department of Child Health (Hartanto, Anam), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Candrarukmi, Nugroho), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Wibowo, Indraswari), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta; from the Department of Child Health (Santosa), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java; and from Indonesia Prambanan Distric Hospital (Hanum), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Hari W. Nugroho
From Indonesia Pediatric Society Central Java Branch (Candrarukmi, Hartanto, Nugroho, Anam, Santosa); from Indonesia Pediatric Society Yogyakarta Special Provence Branch (Wibowo, Indraswari, Hanum); from the Department of Child Health (Hartanto, Anam), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Candrarukmi, Nugroho), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Wibowo, Indraswari), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta; from the Department of Child Health (Santosa), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java; and from Indonesia Prambanan Distric Hospital (Hanum), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Moh S. Anam
From Indonesia Pediatric Society Central Java Branch (Candrarukmi, Hartanto, Nugroho, Anam, Santosa); from Indonesia Pediatric Society Yogyakarta Special Provence Branch (Wibowo, Indraswari, Hanum); from the Department of Child Health (Hartanto, Anam), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Candrarukmi, Nugroho), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Wibowo, Indraswari), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta; from the Department of Child Health (Santosa), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java; and from Indonesia Prambanan Distric Hospital (Hanum), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Braghmandita W. Indraswari
From Indonesia Pediatric Society Central Java Branch (Candrarukmi, Hartanto, Nugroho, Anam, Santosa); from Indonesia Pediatric Society Yogyakarta Special Provence Branch (Wibowo, Indraswari, Hanum); from the Department of Child Health (Hartanto, Anam), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Candrarukmi, Nugroho), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Wibowo, Indraswari), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta; from the Department of Child Health (Santosa), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java; and from Indonesia Prambanan Distric Hospital (Hanum), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Qodri Santosa
From Indonesia Pediatric Society Central Java Branch (Candrarukmi, Hartanto, Nugroho, Anam, Santosa); from Indonesia Pediatric Society Yogyakarta Special Provence Branch (Wibowo, Indraswari, Hanum); from the Department of Child Health (Hartanto, Anam), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Candrarukmi, Nugroho), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Wibowo, Indraswari), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta; from the Department of Child Health (Santosa), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java; and from Indonesia Prambanan Distric Hospital (Hanum), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Nazliah Hanum
From Indonesia Pediatric Society Central Java Branch (Candrarukmi, Hartanto, Nugroho, Anam, Santosa); from Indonesia Pediatric Society Yogyakarta Special Provence Branch (Wibowo, Indraswari, Hanum); from the Department of Child Health (Hartanto, Anam), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Candrarukmi, Nugroho), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Central Java; from the Department of Child Health (Wibowo, Indraswari), Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta; from the Department of Child Health (Santosa), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Central Java; and from Indonesia Prambanan Distric Hospital (Hanum), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Risk factors for depression symptoms in adolescents
Dewinda Candrarukmi, Fitri Hartanto, Tunjung Wibowo, Hari W. Nugroho, Moh S. Anam, Braghmandita W. Indraswari, Qodri Santosa, Nazliah Hanum
Saudi Medical Journal Feb 2025, 46 (2) 190-198; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240914

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Risk factors for depression symptoms in adolescents
Dewinda Candrarukmi, Fitri Hartanto, Tunjung Wibowo, Hari W. Nugroho, Moh S. Anam, Braghmandita W. Indraswari, Qodri Santosa, Nazliah Hanum
Saudi Medical Journal Feb 2025, 46 (2) 190-198; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2025.46.2.20240914
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