Evaluation of haemoglobin constant spring phenotypes and their haematological characteristics among high school students in Terengganu, Malaysia

From the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

From the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

From the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

From the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

From the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

From the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

From the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

From the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

From the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.