Legionella confirmation in cooling tower water

References

1. ↵
   1. Phin N,
   2. Parry-Ford T,
   3. Harrison T,
   4. Stagg HR,
   5. Zhang N,
   6. Kumar K,
   7. et al.

   (2014) Epidemiology and clinical management of Legionnaires'disease. Lancet Infect Dis 14:1011–1021.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
2. ↵
   1. Ulleryd P,
   2. Hugosson A,
   3. Allestam G,
   4. Bernander S,
   5. Claesson BEB,
   6. Eliertz I,
   7. et al.

   (2012) Legionnaires'disease from a cooling tower in a community outbreak in Lidköping, Sweden-epidemological, environmental and microbiological investigation supported by meteorological modeling. BMC Infect Dis 12:313.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
3. ↵
   1. Farhat M,
   2. Moletta-Denat M,
   3. Frère J,
   4. Onillon S,
   5. Trouilhé M-C,
   6. Robine E

   (2012) Effects of disinfection on Legionella spp., Eukarya, and biofilms in a hot water system. Appl Environ Microbiol 78:6850–6858.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
4. ↵
   1. World Health organization (WHO)

   (2007) Legionella and prevention of Legionellosis (World Health organization, Geneva (CH)).
5. ↵
   1. Allegranzi B,
   2. Nejad SB,
   3. Combescure C,
   4. Graafmans W,
   5. Attar H,
   6. Donaldson L,
   7. et al.

   (2011) Burden of endemic health-care-associated infection in developing countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 377:228–241.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
6. ↵
   1. Farhat M,
   2. Trouilhé M-C,
   3. Forêt C,
   4. Hater W,
   5. Moletta-Denat M,
   6. Robine E,
   7. et al.

   (2011) Chemical disinfection of Legionella in hot water systems biofilm: a pilot-scale 1 study. Water Sci Technol 64:708–714.

   OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
7. ↵
   1. Buse HY,
   2. Schoen ME,
   3. Ashbolt NJ

   (2012) Legionellae in engineered systems and use of quantitative microbial risk assessment to predict exposure. Water Res 46:921–933.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
8. ↵
   1. Waldor MK,
   2. Tyson G,
   3. Borenstein E,
   4. Ochman H,
   5. Moeller A,
   6. Finlay BB,
   7. et al.

   (2015) Where next for microbiome research? PLoS Biol 13:e1002050.

   OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
9. ↵
   1. International Standard Organization (ISO)

   (1998) Water quality: detection and enumeration of Legionella (ISO 11731, Geneva (CH)) From: https://www.iso.org/standard/19653.html.
10. ↵
    1. Schloss PD,
    2. Westcott SL,
    3. Ryabin T,
    4. Hall JR,
    5. Hartmann M,
    6. Hollister EB,
    7. et al.

    (2009) Introducing mothur: open-source, platform-independent, community-supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities. Appl Environ Microbiol 75:7537–7541.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
11. ↵
    1. Kirschner AKT

    (2016) Determination of viable Legionella in engineered water systems: do we find what we are looking for? Water Res 93:276–288.

    OpenUrlCrossRef
12. ↵
    (2011) European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI). EWGLI Technical guidelines for the investigation control and prevention of travel associated Legionnaires' disease.
13. ↵
    1. Whiley H,
    2. Taylor M

    (2016) Legionella detection by culture and qPCR: comparing apples and oranges. Crit Rev Microbiol 42:65–74.

    OpenUrl
14. ↵
    1. Richards AM,
    2. Von Dwingelo JE,
    3. Price CT,
    4. Abu Kwaik Y

    (2013) Cellular microbiology and molecular ecology of Legionella -amoeba interaction. Virulence 4:307–314.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
15. ↵
    1. Edawaga A,
    2. Kimura A,
    3. Kawabuchi-Kurata T,
    4. Adachi S,
    5. Furuhata K,
    6. Miyamoto H

    (2015) Investigation of Legionella contamination in bath water samples by culture, amoebic co-culture, and real-time quantitative PCR methods. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12:13118–13130.

    OpenUrl
16. ↵
    1. Springston JP,
    2. Yocavitch L

    (2017) Existence and control of Legionella bacteria in building water systems: a review. J Occup Environ Hyg 14:124–134.

    OpenUrlCrossRef
17. ↵
    1. Wang J,
    2. Liu M,
    3. Xiao H,
    4. Wu W,
    5. Xie M,
    6. Sun M,
    7. et al.

    (2013) Bacterial community structure in cooling water and biofilm in an industrial recirculating cooling water system. Water Sci Technol 68:940–947.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
18. ↵
    1. Zaitseva SV,
    2. Abidueva EYu,
    3. Namsaraev BB,
    4. Wang L,
    5. Wu L

    (2014) [Microbial community of the bottom sediments of the brackish Lake Beloe (Transbaikal region)]. Mikrobiologiia 83:722–729, Russian.

    OpenUrl
19. ↵
    1. Li D,
    2. Li Z,
    3. Yu J,
    4. Cao N,
    5. Liu R,
    6. Yang M

    (2010) Characterization of bacterial community structure in a drinking water distribution system during an occurrence of red water. Appl Environ Microbiol 76:7171–7180.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
20. ↵
    1. Vaz-Moreira I,
    2. Nunes OC,
    3. Manaia CM

    (2011) Diversity and antibiotic resistance patterns of Sphingomonadaceae isolates from drinking water. Appl Environ Microbiol 77:5697–5706.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
21. ↵
    1. Zhang M,
    2. Liu W,
    3. Nie X,
    4. Li C,
    5. Gu J,
    6. Zhang C

    (2012) Molecular analysis of bacterial communities in biofilms of a drinking water clear well. Microbes Environ 27:443–448.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
22. ↵
    1. Bailey VL,
    2. Fansler SJ,
    3. Stegen JC,
    4. McGue LA

    (2013) Linking microbial community structure to ß-glucosidic function in soil aggregates. ISME J 7:2044–2053.

    OpenUrl
23. ↵
    1. Cohn PD,
    2. Gleason JA,
    3. Rudowski E,
    4. Tsai SM,
    5. Genese CA,
    6. Fagliano JA

    (2015) Community outbreak of legionellosis and an environmental investigation into a community water system. Epidemiol Infect 143:1322–1331.

    OpenUrlCrossRef