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Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Ras-related associated with diabetes genes for biomarker-based therapeutics in cancer

A comparative evolutionary genomic study

Mohammed A. Hakami
Saudi Medical Journal February 2024, 45 (2) 111-120; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2024.45.2.20230564
Mohammed A. Hakami
From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Al-Quwayiyah, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
PhD
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    Figure 1

    - Showing the A) graphical abstract of the methodology followed for the study; and B) sequence length of the Ras-related associated with diabetes (RRAD) genes.

  • Figure 2
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    Figure 2

    - Extracted A) CDS from all 82 species (9 types), plotted proportionally to the species and CDS types, with the sum of length for each organism broken down by direction. B) Extracted genes from all 82 species (9 types), plotted proportionally to the species and gene types, with the sum of length for each organism broken down by direction and color.

  • Figure 3
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    Figure 3

    - Extracted A) mRNA from all 82 species, plotted proportionally to the species and mRNA types, with the sum of length for each organism broken down by direction in forward and reverse. B) Extracted ORF from all 82 species (14 types), plotted proportionally to the species and types, with the sum of length for each organism broken down by direction.

  • Figure 4
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    Figure 4

    - Extracted A) ncRNA from all species, but only found in 2 species (Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus) plotted proportionally to the species name and direction along with the length, with the sum of length for each order broken down by name. Color shows details on the organism. Both data were classified as forward and reverse by color. B) Extracted long-sequence repeats from all 82 species, plotted proportionally to the species, with the sum of length for each organism broken down by the species name.

  • Figure 5
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    Figure 5

    - Extracted A) short-sequence repeats from all 82 species (43 types of SSRs), plotted proportional to the species and types, with the sum of length for each organism. B) Extracted transcriptional factors from all 82 species, plotted in box and whisker graph proportional to the sum of length for each organism broken down by direction. Colour-coded according to forward and reverse transcriptional factors.

  • Figure 6
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    Figure 6

    - Phylogenetic tree based upon the complete sequence of RRAD from all considered 82 species.

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Saudi Medical Journal: 45 (2)
Saudi Medical Journal
Vol. 45, Issue 2
1 Feb 2024
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Ras-related associated with diabetes genes for biomarker-based therapeutics in cancer
Mohammed A. Hakami
Saudi Medical Journal Feb 2024, 45 (2) 111-120; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.2.20230564

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Ras-related associated with diabetes genes for biomarker-based therapeutics in cancer
Mohammed A. Hakami
Saudi Medical Journal Feb 2024, 45 (2) 111-120; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.2.20230564
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Keywords

  • RRAD
  • diabetes
  • SSRs
  • transcription factors
  • phylogenomic
  • comparative annotations

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© 2025 Saudi Medical Journal Saudi Medical Journal is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright Convention.  Saudi Medical Journal is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work. Electronic ISSN 1658-3175. Print ISSN 0379-5284.

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